WETLAND EVOLUTION AND ITS DRIVING FACTORS IN SONGNEN PLAIN
LIU Qiang1, LIN Nan2, WANG Chang-qi1, JIA Li-guo1, CHENG Long1, GUO Xiao-dong1, ZHANG Yan3
1. Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, China; 2. Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130018, China; 3. Liaoning Geological and Mineral Institute Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110032, China
Abstract:As an important part of ecosystem, wetland plays a significant role in maintaining regional ecological security. Based on the Landsat remote sensing image data in 1975, 2000 and 2018, the interpretation data of wetland during the three periods are obtained to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of wetland in Songnen Plain in nearly 50 years with the methods of dynamic degree, difference analysis and transfer matrix, which provides certain theoretical basis for the research and protection of wetland ecosystem in Songnen Plain. The results reveal that the wetland area shows an overall increasing trend from 20 189.81 km2 in 1975 to 29 456.79 km2 in 2018, manifested by the substantial decrease of natural wetland during 1975-2000 and large-scale increase of constructed wetland during 2000-2018. It is concluded that water storage project, floodwall and wetland reclamation are the main factors causing the decrease of natural wetlands, followed by precipitation reduction, temperature rise and evaporation increase. Driven by the economic benefit, the paddy field reconstruction and expansion mainly contributes to the increase of constructed wetlands.
Keddy P A. Wetland ecology:Principles and conservation[M]. 2nd ed. New York:Cambridge University Press, 2010:626.
[2]
Mitsch W J, Bernal B, Nahlik A M, et al. Wetlands, carbon, and climate change[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2013, 28(4):583-597.
[3]
Brinson M M, Eckles S D. U.S. Department of agriculture conservation program and practice effects on wetland ecosystem services:A synthesis [J]. Ecological Applications, 2011, 21(sp1):S116-S127.
[4]
张军, 徐佳, 葛蓝溪, 等. 湿地遥感制图中的影像融合方法研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2012, 12(20):5069-5075. Zhang J, Xu J, Ge L X, et al. Comparison of image fusion methods for wetland mapping based on remote sensing[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2012, 12(20):5069-5075.
[5]
张猛, 曾永年, 朱永森. 面向对象方法的时间序列MODIS数据湿地信息提取——以洞庭湖流域为例[J]. 遥感学报, 2017, 21(3): 479-492. Zhang M, Zeng Y N, Zhu Y S. Wetland mapping of Donting Lake Basin based on time-series MODIS data and object-oriented method [J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2017, 21(3):479-492.
[6]
宁静, 张树文, 李颖, 等. 黑龙江省近50年来沼泽湿地退缩特征及其原因分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2008, 23(1):79-86. Ning J, Zhang S W, Li Y, et al. Analysis on wetland shrinking characteristics and its cause in Heilongjiang Province for the last 50 years[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2008, 23(1):79-86.
[7]
金良. 基于3S技术的天然草原土地利用动态研究——以锡林郭勒草原国家级自然保护区为例[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2011, 25(4): 121-126. Jin L. Dynamics of land-use for natural grassland based on 3S:A case of the national natural reserve in Xilinguole grassland[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2011, 25(4):121-126.
[8]
李玉凤, 刘红玉. 湿地分类和湿地景观分类研究进展[J]. 湿地科学, 2014, 12(1):102-108. Li Y F, Liu H Y. Advance in wetland classification and wetland landscape classification researches[J]. Wetland Science, 2014, 12(1):102-108.
[9]
王秀兰, 包玉海. 土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J]. 地理科学进展, 1999, 18(1):81-87. Wang X L, Bao Y H. Study on the methods of land use dynamic change research[J]. Progress in Geography, 1999, 18(1):81-87.
[10]
武慧智, 姜琦刚, 李远华, 等. 松嫩流域湿地景观动态变化[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(1):327-334. Wu H Z, Jiang Q G, Li Y H, et al. Dynamic change of wetland landscape pattern in Songhuajiang Nenjiang River Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(1):327-334.
[11]
吴琳娜, 杨胜天, 刘晓燕, 等. 1976年以来北洛河流域土地利用变化对人类活动程度的响应[J]. 地理学报, 2014, 69(1):54-63. Wu L N, Yang S T, Liu X Y, et al. Response analysis of land use change to the degree of human activities in Beiluo River Basin since 1976[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2014, 69(1):54-63.
[12]
毛鸿欣, 贾科利, 高曦文, 等. 1980-2018年银川平原土地利用变化时空格局分析[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(20):8008-8018. Mao H X, Jia K L, Gao X W, et al. Spatiotemporal pattern of land use change in Yinchuan Plain from 1980 to 2018[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2020, 20(20):8008-8018.
[13]
吕金莹, 闫超, 贾天宇, 等. 松嫩平原活动积温变化及其对作物产量的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(11):3349-3356. Lü J Y, Yan C, Jia T Y, et al. The variation of accumulated temperature in Songnen Plain and its impact on crop yield[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2019, 38(11):3349-3356.
[14]
王海霞, 万忠娟, 于少鹏, 等. 松嫩平原距今150年湿地景观结构重建[J]. 东北师大学报(自然科学版), 2004, 36(2):75-81. Wang H X, Wan Z J, Yu S P, et al. The restoration of wetlands in Songnen Plain 150 years ago[J]. Journal of Northeast Normal University, 2004, 36(2):75-81.
[15]
刘强, 马宏伟, 田辉, 等. 松嫩平原湿地分布变化与影响因素分析[J]. 地质与资源, 2010, 19(1):76-80. Liu Q, Ma H W, Tian H, et al. Analysis on the distribution change and influencing factors of the wetlands in Songnen Plain[J]. Geology and Resources, 2010, 19(1):76-80.
[16]
姜明, 吕宪国, 许林书, 等. 松嫩平原湿地生态系统扰动因子及其反馈[J]. 资源科学, 2005, 27(6):125-131. Jiang M, Lü X G, Xu L S, et al. Perturbation factors and feedback of wetland ecosystem in the Songnen Plain[J]. Resources Science, 2005, 27(6):125-131.
[17]
罗金明, 王永洁, 柏林, 等. 乌裕尔河1951-2015年径流量变化对扎龙盐沼演替的影响[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2018, 29(4): 1-6. Luo J M, Wang Y J, Bai L, et al. Influence of the runoff variation in Wuyur River catchment from 1951 to 2015 on the succession of the Zhalong saline marsh[J]. Journal of Water Resources & Water Engineering, 2018, 29(4):1-6.
[18]
罗新正, 朱坦, 孙广友, 等. 松嫩平原湿地荒漠化现状、成因和对策[J]. 中国沙漠, 2003, 23(4):372-378. Luo X Z, Zhu T, Sun G Y, et al. Situation, cause and countermeasure of wetland desertification in Songnen Plain[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2003, 23(4):372-378.
[19]
罗新正, 朱坦, 孙广友. 松嫩平原湿地生态环境退化机制探讨[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2002, 16(4):39-43. Luo X Z, Zhu T, Sun G Y. Studies on degradation mechanism of wetland ecological environment in Songnen Plain[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources & Environment, 2002, 16(4):39-43.
[20]
白军红, 邓伟, 王庆改, 等. 松嫩平原湿地环境问题及整治方略[J]. 湿地科学, 2008, 6(1):1-6. Bai J H, Deng W, Wang Q G, et al. Environmental problems and protection countermeasures for the wetlands in Songnen Plain, Northeast China[J]. Wetland Science, 2008, 6(1):1-6.
[21]
赵红艳. 近10 a来松嫩平原湿地研究的回顾与展望[J]. 湿地科学, 2006, 4(3):233-240. Zhao H Y. Review of wetland science in the Songnen Plain in recent 10 years[J]. Wetland Science, 2006, 4(3):233-240.