|
|
INVESTIGATION ON THE NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVEL OF GROUND SURFACE IN DALIAN URBAN AREA |
HAN Zhi-bin1, MA Hong-wei2, DU Guang-ren1 |
1. No. 240 Institute of Nuclear Industry, Shenyang 110032, China; 2. Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, China |
|
|
Abstract The contents of natural radionuclide such as 238U, 232Th and 40K on the ground surface of Dalian City, Liaoning Province, are surveyed with the ARD γ-ray spectrometer. The results show that the average specific radioactivity of 238U is 23.09 Bq/kg (ranging from 1.24 to 151.91), 232Th 18.99 Bq/kg (0.41-92.57), and 40K 386.39 Bq/kg(31.30-1095.50), which are all significantly lower than the national and world averages. On the basis of measured radionuclide concentration, the parameters including the absorbed dose rate of γ radiation(Dr) at 1 m above the ground, external exposure index (Ir), internal exposure index (IRa) and annual effective dose (Daed) are calculated, and then the natural radioactivity level are evaluated. The average Dr of 39.04 nGy/h is far lower than the national average (81.5 nGy/h) and world average (80 nGy/h). The average values of Ir and IRa are 0.23 and 0.12 respectively, much less than the national limit (1) for external exposure index of building materials. The Daed of 0.048 mSv is far below the world average annual effective dose (0.46 mSv) and limit of annual effective dose for external public exposure (1.0 mSv). The evaluation results show that the natural radioactive radiation of surface in Dalian urban area is at a safe level.
|
Received: 03 April 2020
|
|
|
|
|
[1] |
冯必达. 浅谈城市生态环境放射性调查[J]. 华东铀矿地质,2001(2):45-47.
|
[2] |
UNSCEAR. Exposure from natural sources of radiation[M]. New York:United Nations, 1993:12-28.
|
[3] |
Malczewski D, Teper L, Dorda J. Assessment of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity levels in rocks and soils in the environs of Swieradow Zdroj in Sudetes, Poland, by in situ gamma-ray spectrometry[J]. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2004,73(3):233-245.
|
[4] |
Nuccetelli C, Bolzan C. In situ gamma spectroscopy to characterize building materials as radon and thoron sources[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2001,272(1/2/3):355-360.
|
[5] |
吴增新,章文英,郑汝宽,等. 北京市1989-1991年环境辐射监测[J]. 辐射防护通讯,1994,14(3):15-29.
|
[6] |
徐磊,夏宁,姜学钧. 青岛地区地表天然放射性调查[J]. 核农学报, 2011,25(4):773-778.
|
[7] |
姚德,曲丽梅,夏宁,等. 青岛市区土壤天然放射性核素的外照射水平估算研究[J]. 生态环境,2006,15(5):979-982.
|
[8] |
周勤,张晟,郑筱梅,等. 重庆市高新区环境γ放射性监测与评价[J]. 重庆师范学院学报(自然科学版),2002,19(3):55-58.
|
[9] |
曾兵,葛良全,刘合凡,等. 成都经济区天然放射性环境评价[J]. 物探与化探,2010,34(1):79-84.
|
[10] |
胡恭任,于瑞莲. 泉州市环境放射性水平调查[J]. 重庆环境科学, 2002,24(2):65-68.
|
[11] |
盛沛菇,支仲冀,李新德,等. 全国环境天然放射性水平数据库及其应用[J]. 辐射防护,1995,15(2):104-110.
|
[12] |
国家国防科技工业局. EJ/T 363-2012, 地面伽玛能谱测量规范[S]. 2013.
|
[13] |
Beck H L, DeCampo J, Gogolak G. In situ Ge (Li) and Na (Tl) gamma-ray spectrometry[R]. New York:United States Atomic Energy Commission, 1972.
|
[14] |
UNSCEAR. Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation[M]. New York:United Nations, 1988:15-76.
|
[15] |
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB 6566-2010,建筑材料放射性核素限量[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
|
[16] |
UNSCEAR. Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation[M]. New York:United Nations, 2000:179-204.
|
[17] |
黄元清. 城市环境天然放射性评价研究[D]. 成都:成都理工大学, 2005:39.
|
[18] |
文湘闵,梁邦义,袁之屏. 四川燃煤电厂对周围土壤的辐射影响[J]. 四川环境,1995,14(2):51-54.
|
[19] |
Wang Z Y. Natural radiation environment in China[J]. International Congress Series, 2002,1225:39-46.
|
[20] |
卢炎,戴丽君,王平. 地面γ能谱测量影响因素初探[J]. 长春地质学院学报,1994,24(1):92-95.
|
[21] |
周琪. 伽玛辐射测量中应注意的几个问题[J]. 干旱环境监测,2001, 15(2):121-122.
|
[22] |
严振庄,谢东,李海良. 环境γ辐射本底的照射量率水平及其与建筑材料的关系[J]. 河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),1996,20(1):49-51.
|
[23] |
唐兆荣. 核电子学概要[M]. 北京:原子能出版社,1988:132.
|
[24] |
李祯堂,王辉,游志均. 放射性核素在页岩和黄土中的迁移研究[J]. 辐射防护通讯,2004,24(3):34-38.
|
|
|
|