嫩江流域水体及悬浮物重金属元素分布特征及环境指示意义

doi:10.13686/j.cnki.dzyzy.2021.01.007

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摘要水和悬浮物是河流重金属元素迁移的主要载体.对嫩江中下游悬浮物及滤后水重金属元素分布特征进行了较系统的研究，结果表明：丰水期是嫩江流域内悬浮物迁移的主要季节，支流的汇入会影响嫩江干流悬浮物浓度，大安市生产生活对水体悬浮物浓度产生明显影响；齐齐哈尔市的生产生活对嫩江水体悬浮物重金属含量影响不大，而对水中Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、Zn元素产生明显影响；雅鲁河是向嫩江输入重金属Cr、Ni最多的支流，年输入嫩江通量分别为1223、100．46 t；阿伦河是向嫩江输入重金属Cd、Cu、Pb最多的支流，年输入嫩江通量分别为0．08、10．93、9．96 t；嫩江向松花江年输入重金属As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni通量分别为113．7、0．32、0．79、438、164、152、440、224 t.

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	刘国栋
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关键词 ：嫩江, 水体悬浮物, 滤后水, 重金属

Abstract：Water and suspended substance are the main carriers for the migration of heavy metal elements in rivers. The paper systematically studies the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in suspended substance and filtered water from the middle and lower reaches of Nenjiang River. The results show that the migration of suspended substance mainly occurs in wet season, and the inflow of tributaries may affect the concentration of suspended matter in the main stream. The industrial and domestic activities in Da'an City have obvious influence on the concentration of suspended matter; while those in Qiqihar have little influence on the heavy metal contents in suspended substance, but significant influence on Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn in water. Yalu River brings the most heavy metals Cr and Ni to Nenjiang River, with the annual flux of 1223 and 100.46 t, respectively. Arun River inputs the most heavy metals Cd, Cu and Pb, with the annual flux of 0.08, 10.93 and 9.96 t, respectively. The annual fluxes of heavy metals such as As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni from Nenjiang River to Songhua River are 113.7, 0.32, 0.79, 438, 164, 152, 440 and 224 t, respectively.

Key words： Nenjiang River suspended substance in water filtered water heavy metal

收稿日期: 2020-08-24

PACS:

X143

基金资助:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“东北黑土地1：25万土地质量地球化学调查”（编号121201007000161312），“兴凯湖平原及松辽平原西部土地质量地球化学调查”（DD20190520）．

作者简介: 刘国栋(1983-),男,高级工程师,主要从事生态地球化学、土地质量地球化学调查研究工作,通信地址辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区黄河北大街280号,E-mail//9760677@qq.com

引用本文:

刘国栋, 张立, 杨泽, 戴慧敏, 赵传冬. 嫩江流域水体及悬浮物重金属元素分布特征及环境指示意义[J]. 地质与资源, 2021, 30(1): 53-61.
LIU Guo-dong, ZHANG Li, YANG Ze, DAI Hui-min, ZHAO Chuan-dong. DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAVY METALS IN THE WATER AND SUSPENDED SUBSTANCE OF NENJIANG RIVER BASIN: Environmental Implication. GEOLOGY AND RESOURCES, 2021, 30(1): 53-61.

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