班公湖流域水化学特征及主控因素分析

doi:10.13686/j.cnki.dzyzy.2023.04.009

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摘要通过班公湖流域水资源调查、数据采集与分析，运用数理统计、水化学分析方法综合研究流域水化学特征及主控因素.结果表明：水化学类型河水以HCO₃-Ca型水为主、湖水以Cl·SO₄-Na·Mg型水为主、地下水以HCO₃-Ca·Mg型水为主.河水和地下水形成过程中主要受碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩控制，湖水主要受蒸发结晶作用控制.湖水中Na⁺、Cl^-、K⁺来源于降雨、蒸发岩溶解以及其他含钾钠矿物溶解；河水以及地下水中的Na⁺、Cl^-、K⁺主要来源于蒸发岩溶解；各水体中的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、SO₄^2-来源于碳酸盐岩矿物和石膏溶解，其中河水和地下水中的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺主要来源于碳酸盐岩矿物溶解.地下水中的Na⁺、K⁺与含水层或土壤中的Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺发生离子交换作用.

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	黄峻川
	严步青
	刘沛

关键词 ：水化学, 蒸发岩, 班公湖, 西藏

Abstract：Based on the survey, data collection and analysis of water resources in Bangong Lake Basin, the hydrochemical characteristics and main controlling factors of the area are studied through mathematical statistics and hydrochemical analysis. The results show that the HCO₃-Ca type water is dominated in river, Cl·SO₄-Na·Mg type water in lake and HCO₃-Ca·Mg type water in groundwater in terms of hydrochemical types. The formation of river water and groundwater is mainly controlled by carbonate rocks and silicate rocks, and the lake water by evaporation-crystallization. The Na⁺, Cl^- and K⁺ in lake water are derived from precipitation, evaporite dissolution and dissolution of other potassium-sodium minerals, while those in river water and groundwater mainly come from evaporite dissolution. The Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and SO₄^2- in all water bodies are from the dissolution of carbonate rock minerals and gypsum, among which the Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in river water and groundwater mainly originate from the dissolution of carbonate rocks. There is ion exchange action of Na⁺ and K⁺ in groundwater with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in aquifer or soil.

Key words： hydrochemistry evaporite Bangong Lake Tibet

收稿日期: 2022-04-11

PACS:

P592

基金资助:中国地质调查局项目"喀纳-尼苏综合地质调查（DD20211580）.

通讯作者: 刘沛(1989-),男,硕士,工程师,通信地址四川省成都市金牛区茶店子路399号,E-mail//304789204@qq.com E-mail: 304789204@qq.com

作者简介: 黄峻川(1991-),男,工程师,主要从事水文地质与水资源调查研究工作,通信地址四川省成都市金牛区茶店子路399号,E-mail//hjunchuan@mail.cgs.gov.cn

引用本文:

黄峻川, 严步青, 刘沛. 班公湖流域水化学特征及主控因素分析[J]. 地质与资源, 2023, 32(4): 453-461,479.
HUANG Jun-chuan, YAN Bu-qing, LIU Pei. HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MAIN CONTROLLING FACTORS IN BANGONG LAKE BASIN. GEOLOGY AND RESOURCES, 2023, 32(4): 453-461,479.

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http://manu25.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_dzyzy/CN/10.13686/j.cnki.dzyzy.2023.04.009 或 http://manu25.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_dzyzy/CN/Y2023/V32/I4/453

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