蒙古国矿产资源与矿业投资环境分析

doi:10.13686/j.cnki.dzyzy.2023.02.002

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摘要蒙古国是"一带一路"倡议的重要节点国家,矿业是该国国民经济的支柱产业. 铜、煤、金、铀、萤石、稀土等矿产资源丰富,地质工作程度和矿业开发程度偏低,市场潜力较大. 对蒙古国区域地质概况、地质工作程度、主要矿产资源现状进行了研究,从政治、经济、法律法规、基础设施等方面分析该国的矿业投资环境,梳理了在蒙古国开展矿业投资的有利因素与不利因素,并提出相关投资建议.

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关键词 ：蒙古国, 矿产资源, 投资环境

Abstract：Mongolia is an important node country along the Belt and Road, with mining as the pillar industry of national economy. It is rich in mineral resources including copper, coal, gold, uranium, fluorite and rare earth, but the geological work and mining development is in low level, thus there is great market potential. Based on the study of regional geology, geological work degree and current situation of major mineral resources in Mongolia, the paper analyzes the mining investment environment in terms of politics, economy, legislations and infrastructure, sorts out the advantages and disadvantages and puts forward relevant investment suggestions.

Key words： Mongolia mineral resource investment environment

收稿日期: 2022-03-21

PACS:	P617
	F416.1

基金资助:中国地质调查局项目"东北亚欧洲国际合作地质调查"(DD20221806).

作者简介: 柴璐(1981-),女,硕士,正高级工程师,从事东北亚地区地质矿产综合研究工作,通信地址辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区黄河北大街280号,E-mail:10056269@qq.com

引用本文:

柴璐, 周永恒, 吴涛涛, 王庆双, 孙巍. 蒙古国矿产资源与矿业投资环境分析[J]. 地质与资源, 2023, 32(2): 140-145,167.
CHAI Lu, ZHOU Yong-heng, WU Tao-tao, WANG Qing-shuang, SUN Wei. MINERAL RESOURCES AND MINING INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT IN MONGOLIA. GEOLOGY AND RESOURCES, 2023, 32(2): 140-145,167.

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http://manu25.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_dzyzy/CN/10.13686/j.cnki.dzyzy.2023.02.002 或 http://manu25.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_dzyzy/CN/Y2023/V32/I2/140

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[14]	“ЭС ЭНД ПИ”агентлаг Монгол Улсын зээлжих зэрэглэлийг“B”, тΘΠΘвийг"тогтвортой"хэвээр Yлдээв[EB/OL].(2021-08-02)[2022-03-15]. https://gogo.mn/r/q05xv. S&P maintained Mongolia's credit rating at "B" and the outlook at "stable"[EB/OL].(2021-08-02)[2022-03-15]. https://gogo.mn/r/q05xv.(in Mongolian)
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[16]	ЗYYнбаян-Ханги чиглэлийн тΘмΘр замын тΘслийн сонгон шалгаруулалтыг энэ сард хийхээр болжээ[EB/OL].(2022-02-23)[2022-03-15]. https://ikon.mn/n/2h3k. The tender for the Zuunbayan-Khangi railway project will be held this month[EB/OL].(2022-02-23)[2022-03-15]. https://ikon.mn/n/2h3k.(in Mongolian)
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[18]	商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,中国驻蒙古国大使馆经济商务参赞处,商务部对外投资和经济合作司.对外投资合作国别(地区)指南——蒙古国(2018年版)[EB/OL].(2017-12-28)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/201902/201902010456056.pdf. Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Co-operation, Economic and Commercial Counselor's Office of the Chinese Embassy in Mongolia, Department of Foreign Investment and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce. Guidelines for foreign investment cooperation:Mongolia 2018[EB/OL].(2017-12-28)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/201902/201902010456056.pdf.
[19]	商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,中国驻蒙古国大使馆经济商务参赞处,商务部对外投资和经济合作司.对外投资合作国别(地区)指南——蒙古国(2019年版)[EB/OL].(2020-02-14)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/202002/202002141017017.pdf. Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Co-operation, Economic and Commercial Counselor's Office of the Chinese Embassy in Mongolia, Department of Foreign Investment and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce. Guidelines for foreign investment cooperation:Mongolia 2019[EB/OL].(2020-02-14)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/202002/202002141017017.pdf.
[20]	黎青.中国对蒙古国直接投资风险研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学,2017. Li Q. Research on the risk of China's direct investment in Mongolia[D]. Harbin:Harbin University of Commerce, 2017.
[21]	祖尔.中国对蒙古国直接投资问题研究[D].沈阳:沈阳理工大学, 2021. Altanzul B. Research on China's direct investment in Mongolia[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang Ligong University, 2021.
[1]	United States Geological Survey. Mineral commodity summaries 2021[R]. Reston:U.S. Geological Survey, 2021.
[2]	吴涛涛,柴璐,鲍庆中,等.蒙古国稀土矿地质特征及资源潜力[J].中国矿业, 2018, 27(5):82-87. Wu T T, Chai L, Bao Q Z, et al. Geological features and resource potential of rare earth minerals in Mongolia[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2018, 27(5):82-87.
[3]	商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,中国驻蒙古国大使馆经济商务处,商务部对外投资和经济合作司.对外投资合作国别(地区)指南——蒙古国(2020年版)[EB/OL].(2020-12-25)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/202012/202012220416010.pdf. Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Economic and Commercial Department of the Chinese Embassy in Mongolia, Department of Foreign Investment and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce. Guidelines for foreign investment cooperation:Mongolia 2020[EB/OL].(2020-12-25)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/202012/202012220416010.pdf.
[4]	National Statistics Office of Mongolia. Mongolian statistical yearbook 2018[R]. 2020.
[5]	National Statistics Office of Mongolia. Mongolian statistical yearbook 2019[R]. 2020.
[6]	National Statistics Office of Mongolia. Mongolian statistical yearbook 2020[R]. 2021.
[7]	韩九曦,连长云,元春华.蒙古国地质矿产与矿业开发[M].北京:地质出版社, 2013. Han J X, Lian C Y, Yuan C H. Mongolia:Geology, mineral resources&mining industry[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 2013.
[8]	江思宏,韩世炯,陈郑辉,等.蒙古国铜矿床成矿规律[J].地质科技情报, 2019, 38(5):1-19. Jiang S H, Han S J, Chen Z H, et al. Summary on metallogeny of copper deposits in Mongolia[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2019, 38(5):1-19.
[9]	Mineral Resources and Petroleum Authority of Mongolia. The annual report 2016[R]. 2017.
[10]	АШИГТ МАЛТМАЛ, ГАЗРЫН ТОСНЫ ГАЗАР. ЭРДЭС БАЯЛГИЙН СТАТИСТИК МЭДЭЭ 2021.5[R]. 2021. Mineral Resources and Petroleum Authority of Mongolia. Mineral statistics news 2021.5[R]. 2021.(in Mongolian)
[11]	周永恒,柴璐,鲍庆中,等.中蒙俄经济走廊带矿产资源[M].北京:科学出版社,2019. Zhou Y H, Chai L, Bao Q Z, et al. China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor mineral resources[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2019.(in Chinese)
[12]	Mineral Resources Authority of Mongolia. Location map of gold and silver deposits and occurrences of Mongolia 1:2500000[R]. 2002.
[13]	李俊建,付超,党智财,等.蒙古国矿产资源概况[J].地质调查与研究, 2020, 43(1):19-29. Li J J, Fu C, Dang Z C, et al. Overview of mineral resources in Mongolia[J]. Geological Survey and Research, 2020,43(1):19-29.
[14]	“ЭС ЭНД ПИ”агентлаг Монгол Улсын зээлжих зэрэглэлийг“B”, тΘΠΘвийг"тогтвортой"хэвээр Yлдээв[EB/OL].(2021-08-02)[2022-03-15]. https://gogo.mn/r/q05xv. S&P maintained Mongolia's credit rating at "B" and the outlook at "stable"[EB/OL].(2021-08-02)[2022-03-15]. https://gogo.mn/r/q05xv.(in Mongolian)
[15]	Монголбанк:2022онд Монгол Улсын эдийн засаг 5.1хувиар ΘсΘх тΘлΘвтэй байна[EB/OL].(2022-03-01)[2022-03-15]. https://gogo.mn/r/0nwe5. Bank of Mongolia:In 2022, the Mongolian economy is expected to grow by 5.1 percent[EB/OL].(2022-03-01)[2022-03-15]. https://gogo.mn/r/0nwe5.(in Mongolian)
[16]	ЗYYнбаян-Ханги чиглэлийн тΘмΘр замын тΘслийн сонгон шалгаруулалтыг энэ сард хийхээр болжээ[EB/OL].(2022-02-23)[2022-03-15]. https://ikon.mn/n/2h3k. The tender for the Zuunbayan-Khangi railway project will be held this month[EB/OL].(2022-02-23)[2022-03-15]. https://ikon.mn/n/2h3k.(in Mongolian)
[17]	Mining See. Due to mining boom in Mongolia a river diversion is being planned[EB/OL]. https://www.miningsee.eu/due-to-mining-boom-in-mongolia-a-river-diversion-is-being-planned/, 2022-03-15.
[18]	商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,中国驻蒙古国大使馆经济商务参赞处,商务部对外投资和经济合作司.对外投资合作国别(地区)指南——蒙古国(2018年版)[EB/OL].(2017-12-28)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/201902/201902010456056.pdf. Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Co-operation, Economic and Commercial Counselor's Office of the Chinese Embassy in Mongolia, Department of Foreign Investment and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce. Guidelines for foreign investment cooperation:Mongolia 2018[EB/OL].(2017-12-28)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/201902/201902010456056.pdf.
[19]	商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院,中国驻蒙古国大使馆经济商务参赞处,商务部对外投资和经济合作司.对外投资合作国别(地区)指南——蒙古国(2019年版)[EB/OL].(2020-02-14)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/202002/202002141017017.pdf. Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Co-operation, Economic and Commercial Counselor's Office of the Chinese Embassy in Mongolia, Department of Foreign Investment and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce. Guidelines for foreign investment cooperation:Mongolia 2019[EB/OL].(2020-02-14)[2022-03-15]. https://www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn/wcm.files/upload/CMSydylgw/202002/202002141017017.pdf.
[20]	黎青.中国对蒙古国直接投资风险研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学,2017. Li Q. Research on the risk of China's direct investment in Mongolia[D]. Harbin:Harbin University of Commerce, 2017.
[21]	祖尔.中国对蒙古国直接投资问题研究[D].沈阳:沈阳理工大学, 2021. Altanzul B. Research on China's direct investment in Mongolia[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang Ligong University, 2021.