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2024 Vol.33 Issue.1,Published 2024-02-25
1 DISCOVERY OF KULUN COMPLEX IN THE EAST PART OF THE NORTHERN MARGIN OF NORTH CHINA PLATE:Tectonic Implication
LI Dong-tao, LIU Jin, CHEN Jing-sheng, ZHAO Chen, LI Yu-chao, PENG You-bo, KUAI Bing, YANG Zhong-jie, LIU Wen-bin
The Kulun complex, mainly composed of Late Paleozoic meta-volcanic rocks, has been newly discovered in Kulun Qi area on the border between Liaoning and Inner Mongolia in the east part of the northern margin of North China Plate. The profile survey confirms the rock association of Kulun complex including tuff, andesite and metasedimentary rock. The zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotope test for the tuff shows 391.0±3.7 Ma, indicating the formation age of Middle Devonian. The geochemical characteristics show that the complex was formed in later island arc environment. The tectonic evolution process of the Paleozoic accretionary orogenic belt in the east part of the northern margin of North China Plate is established through the study of the newly discovered Middle Devonian Kulun complex and related Paleozoic sedimentary events, magmatic events and deformation, combined with the research results of the Paleozoic complex, magmatic rocks and volcanic sedimentary strata in the area. The orogenic belt has experienced the Silurian active continental margin stage, Devonian arc-continental collision stage, Carboniferous-Middle Permian active continental margin stage and Late Permian collision orogenic stage. The Silurian Fangjiatun and Xibiehe rock formations were formed in the back-arc basin environment, indicating the study area was in the active continental margin environment during the Ordovician-Silurian. The volcano-sedimentation of the Devonian Kulun complex is the result of arc-continent collision, accompanied by magmatic activity under extensional background. The study area underwent pull-apart again under the post-collision extension background, and received the deposits of Baijiadian rock formation and Jiujuzi rock formation in the Carboniferous-Middle Permian, leading to the formation of the volcanic island arc of Tongjiatun rock formation. In the Late Permian, continent-continent collision occurred with the closure of Paleo-Asian Ocean, and the post-orogeny continued to the Triassic.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 1-11,40 [Abstract] ( 52 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 796KB] ( 315 )
12 PETROGENESIS OF THE EARLY JURASSIC TRACHYANDESITE IN WUFENG AREA OF YANBIAN, JILIN PROVINCE
GAO Zi-yue, JU Nan, LI Jing-wei, YANG Qun, WANG Ke-yong
Study on the petrology, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and whole rock geochemistry of the trachyandesite in Wufeng area of Yanbian, Jilin Province in Northeast China, shows that the SiO2 content is 58.33%-61.36%, K2O content 1.61%-3.28% and total alkali content 6.77%-10%, belonging to the medium potassium-high potassium calc-alkaline series. The weighted mean age of magmatic zircon 206Pb/238U is 175.52±2.7 Ma, which is consistent with the subduction time of Early Jurassic paleo-Pacific plate. The trachyandesite is characterized by relative enrichment of LILEs(K, Ba and Rb) and strongly incompatible elements (Th and U), and depletion of HFSEs (Nb, Ta and Ti), with high LREE/HREE ratio, and enriched LREEs and depleted HREEs, indicating that the magma may originate from the partial melting of mantle and its source area is metasomatized by the subducted shell source materials. From the above, it is believed that the trachyandesite was formed in the active continental margin of oceanic subduction system and was the magmatic response to the subduction of Early Jurassic paleo-Pacific plate.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 12-23,40 [Abstract] ( 41 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 986KB] ( 305 )
24 GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ORE-CONTROLLING FACTORS OF WULANWUSU PHOSPHATE DEPOSIT IN WESTERN LIAONING PROVINCE
WU Yue, GUO Yue, HAN Dong, LUO Yin-hua, JIANG Yong-zhen, CHEN Zhi-bin, CHANG Ying, Zhang Yi
Wulanwusu phosphate deposit, one of the important phosphate deposits in western Liaoning Province, has a large-scale resource reserve and associates with beneficial component (magnetite). The phosphate orebodies are occurred in the Neoarchean Xiaotazigou complex, mainly controlled by greenstone-type phosphorus magnetite formation. The ore mineral assemblage includes apatite, magnetite, titanomagnetite, hornblende, biotite and plagioclase. The apatite content is positively correlated with the content of dark components such as iron, titanium and manganese, indicating the siderophile affinity of phosphorus. The deposit is of metamorphic apatite type genetically.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 24-30 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 647KB] ( 233 )
31 GEOCHEMISTRY AND SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT OF LOWER TRIASSIC HONGLA FORMATION IN SOUTHERN KAILU BASIN:A Case Study of NC1 Well
RAN Bo, LIU Bang, PEI Jia-xue, ZHANG Jian, ZHANG De-jun, YANG Xi, LI Hao, SUN Shuang-chen, WANG Bao-sheng
The major, trace and rare earth elements of 26 fine clastic rock samples from NC1 well are tested and analyzed to reveal the tectonic setting and sedimentary environment of Lower Triassic Hongla Formation in southern Kailu Basin. The results show that the sediment sources of Hongla Formation are diverse, mainly from the felsic rock source area in the upper crust with minors from the intermediate and basic igneous rock source areas. The tectonic setting of the provenance is mainly active continental margin, which may be formed in the tectonic background of active continental margin near the continental island arc. The Hongla Formation is generally in an oxidative-weakly reductive terrestrial freshwater-brackish water sedimentary environment, with the water salinity increasing from bottom to top. The paleoclimate was arid and hot on the whole.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 31-40 [Abstract] ( 41 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 835KB] ( 175 )
41 OIL-GAS RESOURCES EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION CAPACITY STUDY OF FUXIN BASIN
SONG Kai-lin, ZHU Lin
Based on the geological conditions and oil-gas exploration results of Fuxin Basin, the LFD-2 well is tested to determine the geological, resources and occurrence conditions of oil-gas resources in the basin. According to the measured critical analytical pressure of each reservoir, the ground stress gradient of the area is about 0.013 kPa/m, with the reservoir fracture pressure of 10.6-11.5 MPa. The oil-gas productivity test shows that the highest daily oil output is 16.86 t and daily gas output 2 584 m3 in LFD-2 well. The coalbed methane (CBM) reserves in the basin of LFD-2 well is evaluated as a small-scaled gas field with medium productivity, which provides a basis for the following geological exploration and mining work.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 41-48,64 [Abstract] ( 67 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 884KB] ( 193 )
49 IDENTIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCK RESERVOIRS IN EASTERN DEPRESSION OF LIAOHE BASIN BY TIME-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD
SHI Yan-ling, Liu Xue-jun, WEI Qiang, SUO Xiao-dong, DONG Wei-bin, HE Zhan-xiang
Time-frequency electromagnetic method(TFEM), characterized by strong excitation signal, large detection depth and high precision, is one of the most promising techniques for the fine identification of igneous rock reservoirs and surface oil-gas detection, which can determine the oil-gas content by detecting the electrical and electrochemical anomalies of oil-gas reservoirs. Through analyzing the electrical logging data of HX sag in Liaohe Basin, it is confirmed that TFEM has the physical basis to identify different igneous rocks. The fault structure characteristics as well as the igneous rock inner structures of Shahejie Formation are obtained by the well seismic-TFEM joint inversion, and 5 stages of volcanic activities within the third member of Shahejie Formation are identified. A set of classification standard for polarizability evaluation is summarized through the extraction of amplitude and phase anomalies related to resistivity and polarizability, and comparison of oil production condition of the known wells. Combined with the seismic data, the oil-gas migration mechanism in HX sag is reversed by TFEM. The oil-gas evaluation template in the area is obtained through the research, by which several oil-gas favorable areas are identified and verified by subsequent drilling work. The method can provide reference for oil-gas evaluation in similar areas.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 49-55 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 838KB] ( 129 )
56 COASTLINE CHANGES OF DALIAN CITY BASED ON GOOGLE EARTH HISTORICAL IMAGES
JIANG Shan, ZHOU Li, MA Hong-wei, ZHU Wei, NI Jin, MA Shi-min, ZHANG Jing, HUAN Heng-fei
To study the environmental changes and evolution rule of coastal zones in Dalian City in the last 40 years, the paper uses GIS technology to extract and analyze the coastline information during 1984-2018 based on the historical images from Google Earth. The results show that the coastline has grown in three stages:low-high-low, separated by the years of 2004 and 2014. The growth rate of sea reclamation is highly correlated to the GDP growth curve. Spatially, the coastline changes are mainly distributed in the bay and estuary areas, with the main types of land reclamation and sea mariculture. The land reclamation area is mainly concentrated in the central and southern coast of municipal district and Changxing Island Development Zone, while the sea reclamation area is scattered in Wafangdian, Pulandian and Zhuanghe areas in the north and east.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 56-64 [Abstract] ( 35 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 900KB] ( 219 )
65 REVIEW ON THE EVALUATION METHODS OF GEOLOGICAL HAZARD SUSCEPTIBILITY
LAN Ying-ying, GUO Chang-cheng, ZHU Yun-fu
The topographical and geological conditions in China are complicated, with frequent geological disasters, which have been aggravated by various human engineering geological activities. The prevention and management of geological disasters are the premise and foundation of ensuring the safety of people's lives and property. Geological disaster susceptibility evaluation is the premise of hazard evaluation and risk assessment, and the basis of geohazard zoning and prevention as well. Based on related researches on geological disaster susceptibility at home and abroad, the paper discusses the concept of geohazard susceptibility, evaluation index system, weight calculation method and evaluation model, and points out the main problems to be solved in geohazard susceptibility evaluation.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 65-73 [Abstract] ( 115 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 815KB] ( 317 )
74 GEOHAZARD SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT BASED ON CF-LR MODEL FOR XINYANG CITY, HENAN PROVINCE
SHEN Yu-song, ZHANG Chen, WANG Yi-jie, ZHANG Di
Xinyang City of Henan Province, located on the north-south boundary of both geography and climate of China, is prone to geological disasters. The assessment of geohazard susceptibility is of great guiding significance for disaster prevention and reduction. Based on the data analysis, 7 indexes including slope gradient, aspect, terrain curvature, distance to water system, distance to faults, nighttime light index and vegetation index are selected and the CF-LR model is used to assess the geohazard susceptibility in Xinyang City. The results show that the geohazard susceptibility in the area can be divided into four categories:extremely high-risk area(accounting for 11.39% of the total area), high-risk area (19.51%), medium-risk area (14.20%) and low-risk area (54.90%). The results are verified to meet the requirements of rationality and accuracy, indicating that the CF-LR model can objectively and accurately assess the geohazard susceptibility in Xinyang City.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 74-81,134 [Abstract] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1129KB] ( 291 )
82 INTERACTION OF HEAVY METAL AND OTHER ELEMENTS IN SOIL-RICE SYSTEM:A Case Study of Qing'an area in Heilongjiang Province
LIU Zhen, SUN Zhen-wei, LIU Ting, ZHANG Li
In soil-crop system, the absorption of elements such as Cd and As by crops is related to complicated factors, among which the interaction between elements is one of the majors affecting the bio-enrichment coefficient. To study the interaction between heavy metal elements in soil-rice system, 89 groups of rice seed and root soil samples are collected in Qing'an area, a typical rice production base in Heilongjiang Province, and heavy metal contents in the samples are tested. The correlation analysis is used to study the relationship between heavy metals in rice seed and root soil. The results show a positive correlation between heavy metal enrichment coefficients of rice seed. The enrichment coefficient of Cd in seed is negatively correlated with Se in soil, as well as the enrichment coefficient of Cu in seed with TOC in soil. Heavy metals in seed mostly have a positive correlation. There is a positive correlation between Zn in seed and As in soil, and a negative correlation between Cu in seed and Cd in soil. In the soil-rice system of the study area, the factors affecting the absorption of heavy metals by rice seed are very complex, with various synergistic and antagonistic interactions between elements, and their interactions need to be further studied.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 82-89,105 [Abstract] ( 39 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1102KB] ( 207 )
90 DISTRIBUTION OF NITROGEN IN THE SHALLOW GROUNDWATER OF WEST LIAOHE RIVER PLAIN AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
LI Li-jun, LI Xu-guang
In this study, the contents of nitrogen as NH4+, NO2- and NO3- in groundwater samples of West Liaohe River Plain are tested to assess health risk with non-carcinogenic risk model. The results show, compared with the limiting value of Groundwater Quality Standard(GB14848-2017), the exceeding rate of nitrate nitrogen is 8%, mainly distributed in the southeast and southwest of the study area. The exceeding rate of ammonia nitrogen is 10%, mainly distributed in the center and south of the area. The water quality of Class I, II and III accounts for 83%, and Class IV and V for 17% of the total groundwater. The total non-carcinogenic risk index and total carcinogenic risk index of nitrogen in groundwater samples are both lower than the health risk assessment standard recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. On the whole, the pollution degree of nitrogen in the study area is relatively light, and the nitrogen pollution is mainly distributed in the human activity concentrated area. The health risk assessment can provide a technical reference for monitoring and control of nitrogen pollution in groundwater of the area.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 90-97 [Abstract] ( 55 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 961KB] ( 258 )
98 ECO-GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT EVALUATION ON THE NORTHWEST MARGIN OF HORQIN SANDY LAND
YANG Liu, TANG Zhen, SHI Lu
In this study, the geological, ecological and social environment of the northwest margin of Horqin sandy land are analyzed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). An evaluation index system is established to adapt to the development of agriculture and animal husbandry as target layer, and the comprehensive indexes of regional eco-geological environment quality are calculated to evaluate the eco-geological environment. According to the results, it is considered that the eco-environment impacts on the whole evaluation results more than the geological and social environment does, with land quality as the key factor. Of all the evaluation units in the study area, 86% are at a medium or lower level. The results are of great significance to correctly understand the eco-geological environment of the area.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 98-105 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1044KB] ( 285 )
106 HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GUANTAO GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR IN EASTERN JIYUAN-KAIFENG SAG:Implication for Its Formation
ZHANG Meng, QIN Xiang-xi, HUANG Wen, SHI Lei, ZHENG Gang
The analysis of geothermal water of Guantao Formation in eastern Jiyuan-Kaifeng sag shows that the geothermal water is hydrochemically neutral water, salt water and extra-hard water, mainly Cl-Na type, and its chemical characteristics, controlling factors and characteristic coefficients are significantly different from those in upper Minghuazhen Formation, Quaternary groundwater and surface water. The geothermal water in Guantao Formation is sedimentary type of lixiviation water in continental salt rock strata, occurred in sandstone pores, with regional faults and fissures as channels for heat conduction and migration, and terrestrial heat flow for heat conduction and warming, accompanied by constant lixiviation, evaporation and concentration. On the other hand, due to the well sealed geothermal reservoir, the migration of geothermal water is much stagnant, which contribute to the complete reducibility and higher concentration degree of geothermal water. Compared with Kaifeng-Lankao fault depression, the geothermal water in Guantao Formation of Kaifeng fault uplift shows higher degree of reducibility and concentration.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 106-114,134 [Abstract] ( 67 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1112KB] ( 282 )
115 KARST GEOMORPHOLOGICAL TYPES AND DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS AT DIFFERENT ELEVATIONS IN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU
GAO Kang, LING Xiao-bing, WEI Gui-mei, ZHENG Yu-chao, YAN Yi-fan
The karst geomorphology is commonly developed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Previous researchers have studied on the regional karst geomorphology, runoff zone and genesis, but fewer on the overall summary of the types and development of karst geomorphology at different elevations. On the basis of systematical study and summarization, with referring to the literature, this paper concludes that there are obvious diversities in karst geomorphologic types and development characteristics in term of different elevations. The karst geomorphology in areas of very high altitude (≥ 5000 m) can be divided into the types of uplifted tectonic plateau mountain, inland lake basin, inland lake depression, inland plateau mountain, alpine glacial valley and plateau mountain bedrock, with intensive weathering and denudation, forming numerous residual peaks, stone columns, depressions, etc. The karst geomorphology in the high altitude areas(3500-5000 m) involves karst alpine valley, karst mid-high mountain lake, alpine glacial valley, uplift tectonic plateau mountain, inland lake basin and inland lake depression types, with intensive structural dissolution, mainly developed with macro needle karsts, peak cluster depressions, karst caves and funnels. The karsts with middle altitude(1000-3500 m) are in the geomorphologic types of karst alpine valley, karst mid-mountain lake, plateau mountain erosion residual peak, plateau mountain peak lake, inland lake depression and karst coast, with intensive structural erosion and weak weathering and denudation. The karst forms are basically preserved, mainly developing small peak cluster depressions, dissolved holes, dissolved marks and dissolved fissures. This study is expected to provide guidance and reference for the research of rational utilization of surface water resources, geological disaster control, geomorphology and landscape, as well as the major engineering construction in karst mountain areas of the plateau.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 115-123,97 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1125KB] ( 224 )
124 APPLICATION PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF ROCK-SOIL SOURCE HEAT PUMP IN KARST AREAS
WANG Lin, CHEN Cheng, MAO Rui-yong, PEI Peng
The main form of ground source heat pump is rock-soil source heat pump system. To find out the causes for the poor operation effect of the system when applied in karst area, the heat transfer test and engineering research are conducted. It is considered that the unfavorable formation lithology and hydrogeological conditions may restrict the sustainable development and utilization of the system to some extent, and the problems existing in the air pressure down-the-hole(DTH) hammer technology and construction may also cause abnormal running of the system. Thus, the paper put forwards some suggestions and countermeasures on strengthening basic geological and hydrogeological survey, geophysical prospecting, drilling technology promotion and process management.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 124-130 [Abstract] ( 29 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1016KB] ( 191 )
131 POTENTIAL AREA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL MINERAL WATER DISCOVERED IN WUTAI COUNTY, SHANXI PROVINCE
SUN Qi-fa, WANG Hong-li, LING Xin, LU Bing, GUO Lin, HU Chen, SUN Jing-yao, ZHOU Long, LI Chang, ZHAO Jian, LIU Chang-ji, WANG Xu, CUI Da-peng
The hydrogeological condition and groundwater quality in Wutai area of Shanxi Province are studied by means of investigation, sampling, laboratory testing, geophysical exploration and drilling. It is found that the water quality in the area is in good condition, and the contents of Zn and Sr in some areas have reached the standard of mineral water, with the maximum Zn content of 2.3 mg/L, the maximum Sr content of 1.17 mg/L, the Zn-rich area of 73.71 km2, and the Sr-rich area of 134.25 km2. High-quality water resources are finally obtained by exploration-production combined drilling, thus a new breakthrough has been achieved for the natural mineral water potential area in Wutai County, which has strongly supported the local healthy drinking water project.
2024 Vol. 33 (1): 131-134 [Abstract] ( 46 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 941KB] ( 297 )
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