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Current Issue
2019 Vol.28 Issue.2,
Published 2019-04-30
Contents
Contents
109
PLEISTOCENE SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS AND CLIMATIC ENVIRONMENT EVOLUTION IN JARUD QI, INNER MONGOLIA
WANG Zhi-sheng
The Jarud Qi of Inner Mongolia, located in the northeastern margin of East Asian monsoon region, is sensitive to monsoon intensity and global climate change. Taking the Pleistocene Chifeng loess and Wuerji Formation in the area as the research object, the paper studies the climatic environment changes based on the indexes such as major and trace elements, particle size, carbonate content, magnetic susceptibility, sporopollen and OSL dating of surveyed sections. The results show that, during 130.8±6.1 ka to 387.7±1.7 ka, the climatic environment of Chifeng loess is dominated by warm and humid grassland vegetation landscape, with short cold-dry sparse forest and grassland vegetation at the bottom and top, while that of Wuerji Formation is generally cool and dry desert steppe-steppe vegetation.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 109-118 [
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119
ZIRCON U-Pb CHRONOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE PILLOW BASALTS FROM RAOHE COMPLEX: Geological Implications
ZENG Zhen, SUN Lei, ZHANG Xing-zhou, CUI Wei-long, JIANG Li
As one of the most reliable geological records of paleo-Pacific Plate subduction in eastern China, the Nadanhada accretionary complex is of great importance to define the westward subduction of paleo-oceanic plate. The Raohe Complex is located in the core of the complex, developed with typical accretionary complex association, among which the basaltoids, mostly in structural lenticles, are occurred in the ultramafic-mafic complex zone with slight deformation but no metamorphism. Study on the isotopic chronology and geochemistry of the pillow basalt samples from Raohe Complex shows that the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age is Middle Jurassic(168±2 Ma), with depletion of LILEs (Rb and Sr), enrichment of HFSEs(Nb and Ta) and high-abundant Th, which was formed in the ocean island environment (OIB). Its formation age and genetic environment is significant to study the tectonic dynamic background of the area during the Jurassic period.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 119-127 [
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128
PETROGRAPHY AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE ATYPICAL OPHITIC DIABASES IN EASTERN CENTRAL ASIAN OROGENIC BELT
ZHONG Hui, LIU Xin, WU Yue, YANG Ya-jun
Hornblende metamorphic diabase is found in the eastern tectonic zone of Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Its petrographical features present atypical ophitic texture, as blastodiabasic texture and blastophitic poikilitic texture, with major minerals of plagioclase and hornblende and minor clinopyroxene and actinolite. The whole rock petrochemical analysis results show that the chemical compositions in the samples include SiO
2
(49.15%-52.96%), Na
2
O+K
2
O (2.71%-5.07%), CaO (7.07%-10.40%), Al
2
O
3
(14.77%-17.31%), TFeO (8.80%-12.27%), and MgO (6.45%-9.57%). The data fall into the basalt area in the volcanic rock TAS classification diagram, belonging to basic rock, which confirms the naming of the hornblende metamorphic diabase with atypical ophitic texture. The hornblende metamorphic diabase underwent retrometamorphism with the basic plagioclase (labradorite) turned to intermediate plagioclase (andesine) and further to albite or sodium oligoclase, while the clinopyroxene is metamorphosed to hornblende, and then to actinolite.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 128-133,148 [
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134
PROVENANCE ANALYSIS ON THE FOURTH MEMBER OF XUJIAHE FORMATION, UPPER TRIASSIC IN THE NORTHEASTERN SICHUAN BASIN
BI Yi-wei, ZHANG Chang-min
The 4th Member of Xujiahe Formation, Upper Triassic, in the northeastern Sichuan Basin is a key layer for oil-gas exploration. The deposition in the area is affected by multiple provenances. By analyzing the heavy minerals, clastic constituents, debris compositions and paleocurrent directions, it is finally determined that the provenances originate from three directions, namely, Longmenshan, Dabashan and Micangshan. The provenance of the western Yuanba is from Longmenshan fold belt; that of the eastern Yuanba, from the southeast of Dabashan fold belt; that of the central Yuanba, from the mixed accumulation of Longmenshan and Dabashan; that of the western Tongnanba area, from the Micangshan fold belt; while that of the eastern Tongnanba area, from the mixed accumulation of Dabashan and Micangshan.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 134-139,159 [
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140
TYPICAL MUDSTONE OF THE LOWER PERMIAN SHOUSHANGOU FORMATION IN MIDDLE-SOUTH DAXINGANLING MOUNTAINS: Geochemical Characteristics and Geological Implications
ZHOU Cheng-lin, TANG You-jun, LIU Bin
The mudstones of Lower Permian Shoushangou Formation in Xi Ujimqin Qi of Inner Mongolia are well-developed source rocks in middle-south Daxinganling Mountains. With study on the characteristics of major, trace and rare earth elements in the mudstones, the paper analyzes the provenance, tectonic setting and weathering of Shoushangou Formation in depth. The ICV values of rock samples ranging from 1.15 to 1.57(averagely 1.33) show that the samples are basically not affected by secondary diagenesis. According to the A-CN-K triangular diagram, the mudstones are subjected to certain K-metasomatism. The CIA
corr
values of 54.28-70.06 (averagely 65.33) are gained after correction, indicating the provenance has experienced primary-moderate weathering. Based on the analysis on the multivariable environment of major and trace elements, it is concluded that the argillaceous sediments of Shoushangou Formation are mainly derived from the felsic provenance, mixed with minus materials from the femic volcanic rock provenance, under the tectonic background of continental island arc. From the above, it is thought that the sedimentary features of the mudstones in the study area are attributed to the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Oceanic crust in early Permian.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 140-148 [
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149
GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES AND PROSPECTING POTENTIAL OF QIANGKOUNAN SLIVER POLYMETALLIC OREFIELD IN QINGHAI PROVINCE
TAN Yan, LI Hai-bin, ZHOU Hong-bing, ZHANG Yu
The Qiangkounan silver polymetallic orefiled is located in the eastern section of East Kunlun polymetallic metallogenic belt. Four integrated anomalies (AS1-AS4) dominated by Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn and Mo are identified by the 1:25000 scale trench sediment survey. Through anomaly verification, 9 mineralized zones and 21 ore (mineralized) bodies are delineated with good prospecting results. The Ag, Ag-Pb-Zn and Ag-Au-As high value areas in Ⅶ, Ⅷ and Ⅸ ore belts of AS1 and AS2 anomalies are determined by further anomaly verification, which shows a good prospect for Ag-polymetallic deposit in the area. Many Cu-polymetallic ore (mineralized) bodies are found in the deep ore-bearing granite porphyry bodies in AS3 anomaly with strong wall rock alteration, indicating good porphyry Cu-polymetallic deposit prospecting potential, while theⅠ-Ⅲ gold mineralized belts in AS4 anomaly have good prospects for Au-polymetallic deposit. From the above, the favorable metallogenic conditions, developed geochemical anomalies and informative clues of Ag-polymetallic ore prospecting fully show that the area has great prospecting potential.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 149-159 [
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160
REDOX ENVIRONMENT RESTORATION OF OCEAN WITH THE Fe/Mn RATIO OF CARBONATE ROCKS
CAI Qing-qing, YAN Bao-qiang, WANG Yong-zhi
As a new geochemical index, the Fe/Mn ratio of carbonate rocks can be used to restore the redox state of ocean. Both Fe
3+
and Mn
4+
are insoluble under the oxidation condition, so the dissolved Fe and Mn contents in oxidized seawater are very low. Fe
3+
and Mn
4+
can be reduced to soluble Fe
2+
and Mn
2+
by bacteria under the reduction condition, and the calculation of redox potential shows that the reduction of Mn
4+
is earlier than that of Fe
3+
, thus the bacteria-induced Mn reduction process occurs in the shallower layer of sediments. The soluble Fe
2+
and Mn
2+
diffuse upward into seawater to replace the Ca
2+
in lattice of carbonate rocks. The contents of Fe
2+
and Mn
2+
are controlled by the diffusion of porewater in sediments, while the latter is related to the redox state of water-rock interface. Therefore, it can be predicted that the Fe/Mn ratio in carbonate rocks would gradually increase as seawater becomes less oxygenated. The Fe/Mn ratio of dolomites in the Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation is analyzed to test the hypothesis. It is found that the Fe/Mn ratio of almost all samples is 20-30, significantly higher than that of carbonate rocks in Late Devonian deep water and shallow water platform, which may indicate the low atmospheric oxygen concentration and wide oxygen depletion in ocean in Mesoproterozoic, and the dolomites were formed in the anoxic sediment porewater.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 160-164 [
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165
A REVIEW ON THE FORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION THEORIES OF THE SHALE OIL IN CHINA
ZHANG Xin, LIU Ji-yu, HOU Peng-fei
Shale oil refers to the low mature-semimature oil and gas that is generated and retained in source rocks and occurs in micro-nano level reservoir space of strata in free or adsorbed state, with little or extremely short migrated distance. The paper summarizes the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability of argillutite, and discusses the formation mechanism, evolution, preservation conditions and distribution features of shale oil. The abundance, type and maturity of organic matter are the main factors affecting the oil-generating capacity. TypeⅠor Ⅱ kerogen with good oil-generating capacity is favorable organic matter, while type Ⅲ kerogen is gas-generating dominated. At the proper burial depth that reaches the oil generation threshold, thermochemical reaction will take place to produce large amounts of liquid hydrocarbon. Both the weak hydrodynamic condition and relatively long-term stable tectonic activities lead to the slow subsidence and evolution of organic matter and sediments. Fine argillutite on land contributes to the formation of shale oil and gas due to its wide distribution, various types, large time span, small area of lacustrine basin, abundant provenance and lake level changes.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 165-170 [
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171
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE SOURCE ROCKS FROM UPPER CARBONIFEROUS TAIYUAN FORMATION IN BAYAN HOT BASIN, INNER MONGOLIA
LIN Hai-tao, ZHANG Ting-rong, FENG Yan, YANG Cai
The coal-bearing source rocks of Upper Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation are widely developed in Bayan Hot Basin of Inner Mongolia. Based on the geological exploration, typical section survey, sampling and experimental analysis, the paper carries out study on the organic geochemical characteristics including organic matter abundance, types and maturity and makes preliminary evaluation on the hydrocarbon potential. The results show that the organic matter of source rocks has good shale gas source conditions with high abundance, the thermal evolution belonging to maturity-high maturity stage. Three favorable areas of shale gas reservoir are selected by multi-factor overlay analysis, namely the northern Chaganbulage, Tonggulegenaoergacha-Yikeergacha and southern Xiaheyan-Yingpanshui areas.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 171-177 [
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178
ANALYSIS ON THE INVERSION STRUCTURES AND OIL-GAS CONDITIONS OF THE QIONGHAI SAG
ZHANG Yang, WANG Ke, CHEN Jing-yang, HUANG Sheng-bing, WU Ai-jun, YIN Bin-hao
A large number of inversion oil-gas reservoirs and oil-bearing structures have been discovered in Z-3 Depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin, yet the research on the inversion structure belts in Qionghai Sag in the north of the Depression was in low level. The methods of growth index and displacement-distance curve are adopted to analyze the period and intensity of inversion structures. The source rocks, reservoirs and caprock conditions are evaluated through sedimentary analysis and quantitative simulation. The results show that the structural inversion started in the middle Miocene, with the Eocene source rocks and Oligocene-Miocene reservoir-caprock assemblages developed in the inverted structure belts. The inversion period is matched with the main expulsion stage of source rocks in the upper Wenchang Formation, thus it is concluded that the inversion structural belt is a favorable exploration direction for Qionghai Sag.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 178-183 [
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184
IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM OF MINOR FAULTS IN PETROLEUM BASINS: A Case Study of Jiangjiadian Area in Huimin Sag
ZHAO Ya-nan, WU Kong-you, HAO Liang-zhu, DAI Ying-ying, LIU Yu-liang, LIU Yan-feng
Based on the traditional fine interpretation of seismic profiles, the recognition features and development rules of minor faults in Jiangjiadian area of Huimin Sag are summarized through method innovation and ant algorithm application. The restoration of balanced section contributes to a new understanding about the controlling factors of formation and forming period of minor faults. The formation mechanism is further verified by structure physical modeling. Many minor faults difficult to recognize by conventional seismic interpretation are identified by the above method during the process, and good application results are achieved.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 184-192 [
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193
STUDY ON THE EROSION IN TYPICAL BLACK SOIL AREAS OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE BY REMOTE SENSING MONITORING TECHNOLOGY
YANG Jia-jia, BAI Lei, WU Song
Supported by remote sensing and GIS technology, the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE) is used as the evaluation model to calculate the soil erosion volume in 2003 and 2015 in Suihua City of Heilongjiang Province. The distribution map of water-soil loss intensity is generated in combination with the grading standard. On this basis, the paper analyzes the current situation, spatial distribution and changes with reasons of water-soil loss during 2003-2015. The results show that with the increase of soil-water conservation measures, the soil erosion condition tends to be relieved. According to the statistical results, the proportions of strong and extremely strong erosion areas decrease, while those of the slight and light erosions increase. In 2015, the strong erosion-graded water-soil loss area reduced by 522.75 km
2
compared with that in 2003, and light erosion-graded ones increased by nearly 1000 km
2
.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 193-199 [
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200
APPLICATION OF AEROMAGNETIC SURVEY IN SKARN TYPE ZINC POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT PROSPECTING IN YICHUN AREA, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
LIN Ze-fu, DENG Chang-zhou, WEN Dan, LI Jin-ming, ZHANG Cheng-jun, YUAN Xian-long, DING Ji-shuang
According to the 1:50000 scale high precision aeromagnetic anomaly survey and geological features for area selection, combined with the 1:20000 integrated geophysical-geochemical exploration and verification technology, the skarn-type Zn polymetallic deposit is found in the aeromagnetic anomaly area of Yichun, Xiaoxinganling Mountains, reflecting the applicability of aeromagnetic survey technology in such prospecting. The verification results indicate that the aeromagnetic anomaly area in the contact between the Lower Cambrian marble strata and intrusions is an important target for skarn type polymetallic deposits. The host area shows the geophysical characteristics of low resistivity and high polarization. Pedogeochemically, the element association anomaly of Ag, As, Sb, Mo, W, Bi, Pb, Cu and Zn occurs in the contact area, with well coincidence. The high Sb anomaly value appears in inner zone, while Zn commonly in the middle zone.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 200-207 [
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208
APPLICATION OF GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING METHOD IN STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION OF QINGBAIKOUAN SYSTEM IN TIANJIN REGION
JIANG Guo-sheng, WANG Zhen-kai, GAO Liang, WANG Cong, CUI Chao-fan
Accurate judgment and division of strata are difficult due to the tiny and mixed geothermal drilling cuttings. According to the lithologic assemblage and marking characteristics of Qingbaikouan stratotype profile in Tianjin region, the paper discusses the relevant technical methods of cutting logging and drilling-time logging. The characteristics of drilling time curves and logging curves of Qingbaikou System are summarized by studying the corresponding relationships between lithology and drilling time, as well as lithology and electrical property. The stratigraphic boundaries of each formation of Qingbaikou System can be accurately defined on the basis of regional stratigraphic characteristics, cutting logging and drilling-time logging data, combined with the geophysical logging curves.
2019 Vol. 28 (2): 208-214 [
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