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2016 Vol.25 Issue.2,
Published 2016-04-30
101
GEOCHRONOLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY AND ORIGIN OF THE EARLY CRETACEOUS JIANYI PLUTON IN DASHIQIAO, LIAONING PROVINCE
LI Zhuang, MENG En, PEI Fu-ping, LIU Jing-wei, ZHANG Lu
The Jianyi pluton, located in Dashiqiao, Liaoning Province, Northeast China, is dominated by granodiorite. The zircons from the granodiorite show euhedral shape, oscillatory and sector-zoning, with high Th/U ratios (> 0.1), suggesting a typical magmatic origin. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the
206
Pb/
238
U ages of zircons range from 138 to 145 Ma, yielding a weighted mean age of 140 Ma, which probably represents the formation age of the granodiorite, i.e., Early Cretaceous. Major element characteristics show that the Jianyi pluton belongs to metaluminous I-type granite. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns suggest enrichment of LREEs, and depletion of MREEs and HREEs, with slightly negative Eu anomaly, indicating a strong fractional crystallization of amphibole and weak fractional crystallization of plagioclase. The trace element spider diagram shows that they are enriched in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs, such as Rb, Th and U) and depleted in high field strength elements(HFSEs, Nb and Ta). The Nb/Ta, La/Nb and Th/Nb values are between the data of the crust and mantle, showing that the magma is derived from crust-mantle mixed source. Integration of our new data with recent geological studies concludes that the Jianyi pluton and the Early Cretaceous magmatism in the eastern North China craton was formed in an extensional setting similar to back-arc basin, which may be related to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific oceanic plate.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 101-107 [
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108
THE RECOGNITION AND GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TTG ROCK ASSEMBLAGE IN THE PERMIAN-TRIASSIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS IN FUXIN, LIAONING PROVINCE
HAN Xiao-ping, WANG Hai-peng, WANG Yong-mei, WANG Zhi-jun
Applying intrusive rock TAS diagram and An-Ab-Or norm mineral classification diagram, the T
1
T
2
G
1
G
2
rock assemblage is recognized in the Permian-Triassic intrusive rocks in Fuxin area, Liaoning Province, showing well time-space polarity. The main part of the rock assemblage is distributed in the north, which is a good evidence for the regional and phased evolution of the Paleo-Asia oceanic plate subduction. The TTG assemblage is closely related to the formation of Au and Au-Cu deposits. Therefore the correct and effective recognition of TTG rock assemblage would provide clues for the exploration of the same kind of mineral deposits in the area.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 108-112 [
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113
ZIRCON U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE DAHUANGHUA SYENOGRANITE IN AOHAN QI, INNER MONGOLIA
LI Bin, CHEN Jing-sheng, ZHANG Jian-wei, LI Wei, LIU Miao
Based on the study of zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the Dahuanghua syenogranite in Aohan Qi, Inner Mongolia, the formation time, petrogenesis and tectonic background are discussed. The result of the zircon U-Pb age by laser ablation ICP-MS technique is 162.6±1.9 Ma, indicating that the Dahuanghua syenogranite is formed in late Middle Jurassic. The major and rare elements are characterized by high Si, rich alkaline and obviously negative Eu, Ba, Sr, P and Ti anomalies. The rock, which experienced a high fractionate evolution(DI=95.1-95.88), is highly fractionated I-type granite. The low Sr/Yb ratio implies that it was formed in a melting environment with very low pressure. Combining the geochemical and regional geological characteristics, it is suggested that the Dahuanghua syenogranite should be generated in postcollisional extension tectonic setting with the evolution of Mongolian-Okhotsk suture zone.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 113-120 [
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121
DISCUSSION ON PETROLOGY AND GENESIS OF THE PISOLITIC TUFF IN XINMIN FORMATION IN AR HORQIN QI, INNER MONGOLIA
ZHONG Hui, GAO Xiao-yong, WU Yue
The pisolitic tuff, occurring in the Xinmin Formation in Ar Horqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, contains 65% of volcanic pisolites (or volcanic mud balls). The volcanic pisolites are developed in concentric layered rhythmic texture, some of which are filled with feldspar crystal fragments around the pisolites. By analyzing the characteristics of texture and component of crystal fragments, it is considered that the pisolitic tuff is evolved from the flowing hot volcanic ash with high-energy and high-density, accompanied with atmospheric precipitation during volcanic eruption.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 121-124 [
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125
STRUCTURAL AND MAGMATIC CONTROL OF THE ZHULAZHAGA GOLD DEPOSIT IN INNER MONGOLIA
ZHANG Dao-kuo, WANG Qing-chao, QIN Xiang-hong, WANG Wu-sheng, ZHU Yong-tai, YUE Zeng-le, YANG Guo-qiang
The Zhualazhaga gold deposit is situated in the Meso-Neoproterozoic Bayinnuoergong depression belt, at the NS-trending axis of anticline and in the southern part of NNW-trending fault. The ores occur in the first member of Agulugou Formation, Jixian System, Mesoproterozoic Erathem. The deposit is of magmatic hydrothermal altered rock type. With study on the regional tectonic evolution, and structural and magmatic rock control, it is concluded that the ore-controlling factor of Zhulazhaga gold deposit is the interlayer-gliding fracture zone derived from E-W-trending reverse thrust, which is closely related with Variscan igneous activity. The study also shows that the geological conditions on the northeastern area are similar to those of the Zhulazhaga gold deposit, suggesting that it should be the target for exploration.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 125-129 [
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130
GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATION OF THE QUARTZ VEINS AND WALLROCKS IN THE SANDAOWANZI GOLD OREFIELD IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
ZHAO Shu-yue, PANG Xue-jiao, LI De-sheng
Sandaowanzi gold deposit in Heilongjiang Province, located in the southeast of Yanshanian Daxinganling metallogenic belt, is a typical quartz vein deposit. Based on the study of geochemical characteristics of the ore-bearing quartz vein, surrounding rocks and corresponding volcanic rocks, the authors discuss the geological background for the mineralization. Evidences show that the ore-forming rock of the Sandaowanzi gold deposit is geochemically similar to adakite, or referred to as "C-type adakite". It is suggested that the mineralized fluid and the parent rock be both derived from the basaltic magma of the upper mantle, when the basalt intruded upward into the thickened formation of the lower crust (>50 km) following the deep faults, causing partly melting of the mafic rocks and forming of the gold deposit. Epithermal mineralization seems not the only interpretation for the genesis of the Sandaowanzi gold deposit.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 130-136 [
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137
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LIUJIUSHAN COPPER-SILVER DEPOSIT IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
WANG Xiao-zheng, LYU Jun-chao, XU Jia, SHU Guang-long
The Liujiushan Cu-Ag deposit in Heilongjiang Province, located in the middle-eastern Daxinganling metallogenic belt, is an epithermal vein deposit. The deposit is distributed within explosive breccia zone, with a width of 500 m and a length of 1200 m. The ore belt occurs in the Late Jurassic granodiorite and the volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao formation, which consist with the breccia zone. Totally 24 ore bodies are identified in the deposit, of which 19 are commercially significant. The ore bodies are in irregular veins and lens, with a strike of 61° and dip angle of 20°-35°. The lengths of single orebodies are not longer than 780 m, usually around 300 m, with an average thickness of 7.18 m. The Cu grade of ore bodies ranges from 0.59% to 1.01%, with associated Ag of 3×10
-6
to 5×10
-6
. The average Cu grade in the deposit is 0.73%, with Ag of 5.87×10
-6
. Intense volcanic-magmatic intrusions took place in the Liujiushan area, with 9 central type volcanoes distributed in the 20 km
2
area. The Liujiushan Cu-Ag deposit is closely related to the Mesozoic volcanic-magmatic activities. The formation of the deposit experienced three stages, i.e. 1) ore-forming material deposition in Early Permian; 2) mineral preliminary enrichment in Late Jurassic and 3)mineralization in Early Cretaceous.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 137-143 [
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144
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING INDICATORS OF THE ERZHIXIAN Pb-Zn-Cu DEPOSIT IN TAYUAN, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
WANG Bao-quan
The Erzhixian Pb-Zn-Cu deposit in Tayuan, Heilongjiang Province, is a skarn and hydrothermal type of polymetallic deposit. The mineralization is strictly controlled by the Tahahe fault and secondary N-S- and NNE-trending faults. The author discusses the orefield geology, characteristics of orebody and ore, as well as the genesis of the deposit. The prospecting indicators are also summarized.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 144-149 [
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150
ANALYSIS ON THE METALLOGENIC FACTORS OF THE TALC DEPOSITS IN ERHULAI AREA, EASTERN LIAONING PROVINCE
ZHU Xing-ge, LIU Di-di, CHANG Li-li
Through the correlation analysis of the representative drill holes in the talc deposits founded in Erhulai area, Eastern Liaoning, the metallogenic factors are summarized in three aspects. First, the metallogenic rocks are the dolomite marble and silicon-bearing dolomitic marble of Paleoproterozoic Dashiqiaoan formation. Second, the ore-forming fluid is the silicate hydrothermal solution intruded in Yanshanian. And third, the leading factors that control the shapes, occurrences and spatial distributions of the orebodies are the fault belts and interbedded fractures, which are affected by the regional E-W-trending structure. Based on the study of metallogenic characteristics, the prospecting targets are predicted.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 150-153 [
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154
MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ORE AND METALLOGENIC PERIODS OF THE TIANBAOSHAN Pb-Zn DEPOSIT IN SICHUAN PROVINCE
WU Xiao-yan, MAO Xiao-dong, LIAO Juan, XU Chang-hao, LI Liang-bo
The Tianbaoshan deposit, composed of two ore blocks, i.e. Tianbaoshan and Xinshan, is one of the largest PbZn deposits in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan epithermal metallogenic province. The ore minerals are mainly sphalerite and galena, with minor pyrite and chalcopyrite. Based on field observation, the authors identify and study the rock and mineral samples and polished sections. According to the assemblage and interrelations of minerals, the forming sequence is determined. The Tianbaoshan Pb-Zn deposit is then divided into 3 metallogenic periods with 5 mineralization stages.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 154-158 [
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159
GEOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE HYDROTHERMAL SEDIMENTARY ORIGIN OF RHODOCHROSITE DEPOSIT IN GAOYAN, CHONGQING
ZHOU Wei-gui, LI Yu-sheng, ZHU Ming-zhong, ZHANG Zi-xian, ZHANG Jun, HAN Xu-yuan, HUANG Zhi-qing, WANG Xue-ming
The Gaoyan manganese deposit in Chongqing is located in the Late Sinian Qinba Mn sedimentary basin. The rhodochrosite ores occur in the top of Doushantuo Formation in the form of ooid or pellet. Based on previous researches, samples of the ooid rhodochrosite are systematically taken from 5 boreholes in the Doushantuo Formation to test the geochemical items of Mn, Fe, P, SiO
2
, CaO, MgO, Al
2
O
3
and LOI. The values of Mn/Al, (MgO/Al
2
O
3
)×10
2
and SiO
2
/Al
2
O
3
are analyzed with indicating element geochemistry. The results show that the rhodochrosite is mainly marine authigenic product related to marine sedimentation, with little affection of terrigenous material. The deposition process of rhodochrosite is involved with hot water. The rhodochrosite is the result of hydrothermal sediment.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 159-163 [
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164
REE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HOST STRATA AND TECTONITE IN THE JINHONG LEAD-ZINC DEPOSIT IN YUNNAN PROVINCE
QI Chang-wei, LIU Shi-bao, WANG Jia-yin, DOU Guang-yuan, TAN Yan, YANG Yan-qian
With study of regional geological background, the REE compositions of the ore-hosting strata and orecontrolling fault rocks in the Jinhong Pb-Zn deposit are analyzed. The REE distribution patterns and characteristics show that the ore-hosting dolostone belongs to LREE enrichment-HREE flat type, with highly fractionated light and heavy rare earth elements, notable Eu and Ce anomalies, quite different (La/Yb)
N
,(La/Sm)
N
and (Gd/Yb)
N
values. The tectonite is also LREE enrichment-HREE flat type, with high fractionation of LREEs and HREEs, weak Eu anomaly, distinct Ce anomaly, similar(La/Yb)
N
, (La/Sm)
N
and (Gd/Yb)
N
values. The above characteristics are micro-indicators for metallogenic prediction.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 164-166 [
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167
GENETIC TYPES AND PROSPECTING DIRECTION OF THE CHANZHANHE COPPER DEPOSIT IN YUNNAN PROVINCE
LIU En-fa, LI Jian-quan, LYU Xing-hai, LI Rui-xin, CHEN Yi-lin, REN Qiang
Quite a few copper deposits of volcanic-sedimentary clastic rock type and continental sandstone-shale type are discovered in the southwestern Yangtze block, which is one of the significantly important copper metallogenic belts in China. The Chanzhanhe copper deposit has typically the characteristics of both types. Based on the geological conditions, the characteristics of the two types of deposits are analyzed. The result reveals that this area is favorable for middle-large scale copper mineralization.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 167-170 [
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171
ASSESSMENT OF GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT OF MINES IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE BASED ON RS AND GIS
GAO Yong-zhi, ZHENG Wei-zheng, CHU Yu
Supported by the technology of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS), the geological environment of mines in Heilongjiang Province is assessed. With quantitative evaluation of the environmental quality, the evaluated results are classified to find out the main environmental geological problems and areas. The evaluation results would provide basis for planning and decision-making to protect and improve the geological environmental of mines and to eliminate and reduce the environmental geological hazards.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 171-175 [
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176
NEGATIVE EFFECT OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION IN THE OILFIELD IN SONGLIAO BASIN ON GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: A Case Study of Daqing Oilfield
GUO Ang-qing
The Daqing oilfield in Songliao Basin is one of the major oil and gas production bases of China, with abundant oil and gas resources as well as groundwater and geothermal resources. After more than half a century of sustained development and construction, Daqing oilfield has entered the middle and late stage of development. The comprehensive water content of the oilfield is up to 90% and more. Due to the development and construction of high strength, the geological environment of the oilfield is badly affected, specifically in the following aspects: 1) pollution of aquifer environment; 2) pollution of soil environment; 3) influence on the original pressure of strata; 4) ground uplift and subsidence; and 5) destruction of geothermal reservoir and geothermal resources. It should be paid great attention to immediately carry out investigation, evaluation, monitoring and research work and take countermeasures.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 176-180 [
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181
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR STRUCTURES AND GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALY AND THE SIGNIFICANCE IN ORE SEARCHING
SHI Jian-min, SHI Shao-shan, JIANG Shan, WANG Yu-li, SHI Zhe
With MapGIS platform, the correlation of element anomaly by geochemical survey and circular structures interpreted by remote sensing is analyzed. Based on the interrelationships of spatial positions of the two factors, the coupling types are classified. According to the remote sensing interpretation of the structural framework in the surveying area, the distribution characteristics of the element anomaly in the structural framework are recognized. With the establishment of the coupling relationship between the geochemical anomalies and circular structures, the geological significance of the two factors is studied. This coupling relationship can be used in geological investigation for mineral resources to improve geochemical anomaly verification and mineral exploration.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 181-185 [
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186
DELINEATION OF PROSPECTING TARGET BY GEOCHEMICAL SURVEY:The Discovery of the Daxintun Antimony-Gold Deposit in Heihe, Heilongjiang Province
WANG Chun-nyu, LYU Jun, HAN Yan-dong, HAN Zhen-zhe
The Daxintun antimony-gold deposit is located in the northeast of the Daxinganling metallogenic belt, with frequent tectonic and magmatic activities. The Sb, Au, Ag and Hg anomalies in stream sediments are high and in large scale. This area is the favorable metallogenic position for gold and polymetal. In order to assess the of stream sediment anomalies, the 07Hs-35 anomaly is chosen to be verified by soil geochemical survey method. With the soil geochemical survey, some anomalies of Sb, Au, Hg, Ag, As and W are delineated, among which Sb, Hg and Au anomalies are dominated. The concentration centers of each element are essentially coincident. The delineated soil geochemical anomalies are then confirmed by trenching, with the finding of antimony-gold orebodies. The Daxingtun antimony-gold ore prospecting target is successfully established.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 186-191 [
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192
DRAWING OF BOREHOLE COLUMN BASED ON MAPGIS ASCⅡ CODE FILES
ZHANG Yan-hai, BAI Ming, LIU Yan-kai, SHI Yong, XU Yao-han, KONG Fan-he
This paper briefly introduces to the application of Excel, MapGIS and MGT6 software in drawing borehole column with examples. In the example, the actual drilling data from mine are adopted. By the software, the ASCⅡ code files are generated first, and the footage per round trip lines are drawn then. After the establishment of the template for drawing of borehole column, the footage per round trip data can be input finally. With this drawing template, other borehole columns can be drawn by directly inputting footage per round trip data.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 192-195,207 [
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196
CHARACTERISTICS AND THERMAL EVOLUTION HISTORY OF SOURCE ROCKS IN THE WENCHANG-A SAG, PEARL RIVER MOUTH BASIN
WANG Ke, ZHANG Yang, HUANG Sheng-bing, CHEN Jing-yang
In order to better understand the process and mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation and identify the source rock potential of Wenchang-A sag in Pearl River mouth basin, this study uses the technique of basin modeling to reconstruct the thermal evolution history in the study area based on the analysis of source rock distribution, organic matter abundance, types and maturation. The result shows that each layer of source rock of the Wenchang-A sag is widespread, with a high organic matter abundance and a large thickness. The organic matter of Wenchang Formation is of type Ⅱ1; while that of Enping Formation, type Ⅲ. The source rocks are in the stages of middle maturity and over maturity. Inside the Wenchang-A sag, the source rocks reached oil threshold in earlier time with a high maturity. However, on the edge of the sag, they reached oil threshold later, and is still in low maturation stage. The distribution of oil and gas in the sag is constrained by the different organic matter types and maturities. The pools of oil and gas come from Wenchang and Enping formations. The inside of the sag is a priority of gas searching, and the edge of the sag is favorable for petroleum.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 196-203 [
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204
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND GENESIS OF THE OBSIDIAN FROM CHANGBAISHAN MOUNTAIN
LIN Jing-yin, DONG Pei-xin
The obsidian in Changbaishan area is the result of volcanic activities. It is formed by the specific eruption of the Changbaishan volcano, with special geological characteristics. The obsidian is also the evidence for the history and culture of Changbaishan Mountain. Based on analysis of chemical composition and tests of physical properties, this paper preliminarily studies the characteristics, formation, distribution and genesis of the obsidian from Changbaishan Mountain, which would provide a reference for the development and utilization of the obsidian in the area.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 204-207 [
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208
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BAMBARI GREENSTONE BELT IN THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
SUN Wu-guo, LIAN Tao, LIU Bing
The Archean Bambari greenstone belt, located in the north of the Congo craton, trending northwest with a length of 250 km and width of 10-24 km, is lithologically composed of Archean granite, Banded iron Formation(BIF), amphibolite, sericite schist and quartz sericite schist. A large iron-gold associated deposit is found in the eastern part, covering 1/3 of the area. A comparative study concludes that, in the central and western area of the Bambari greenstone belt, it is still significant for prospecting.
2016 Vol. 25 (2): 208-212 [
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