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2014 Vol.23 Issue.4,
Published 2014-08-31
311
DETERMINATION OF THE LATE PALEOZOIC VOLCANIC STRATA AROUND THE NENBEI FARM IN DAXINGANLING REGION
NA Fu-chao, YANG Xiao-ping, WANG Yan, FU Jun-yu, WU Yue, YANG Fan
A set of Late Paleozoic strata, dominated by acid-intermediate volcanic lava, is outcropped around the Nenbei Farm in Daxinganling region. Previously, the stratigraphic division and age of the strata have been great differences. The reasons for this are as follows: On the one hand, the volcanic rocks in the area are great in thickness, discontinuously outcropped and covered by vegetation, with top and bottom mostly contacted with faults or covered with Quaternary sediments. On the other hand, there is less fossils in the volcanic rocks, or lack of precise isotopic geochronological data. Based on recent research results and comparison between the rock assemblages on zircon U-Pb geochronology, these Late Paleozoic strata are reassigned.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 311-315 [
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GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT OF THE DEVONIAN NIQIUHE FORMATION IN NORTHERN DAXINGANLING RANGE
ZHANG Hai-hua, XU De-bin, ZHANG Kuo
Based on the study of rock assemblage with geochemical analysis of clastic rock samples, the sedimentary environment of Devonian Niqiuhe Formation is researched. Lithologically, the Niqiuhe Formation includes quartz greywacke, siltstone, silty slate and slate. The high Al
2
O
3
content(3.74%-17.13%), i.e. more clay mineral content, means the low maturity of clastic rocks, reflecting that the sediment is accumulated near the source. The geochemical analysis of rare earth and trace elements indicates that the detrital material is from feldspar and quartz areas. Eu is of obviously deficient, with
δ
Eu between 0.65 and 0.73. Ce is slightly abnormal, with
δ
Ce from 0.87 to 0.94. Tb/Yb value is 0.30-0.37. La/Th is in the range of 2.84-6.73. Th/U is 3.53-5.38. REE distribution patterns generally show rightward incline, with enriched LREE and flat HREE, which is similar to those of the typical upper crust source. It is concluded that the maturity of Niqiuhe Formation is relatively low, with a sedimentary environment of offshore shallow sea. The depositional system can be subdivided into fan delta and shore-shallow marine facies.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 316-322 [
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323
RESEARCH ON THE CLASSIFICATION AND METALLOGENIC BACKGROUND OF GOLD DEPOSITS IN DUOBAOSHAN-HUMA AREA, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
CHE Ji-ying, ZHAO Yuan-dong, LI Shi-chao, WANG Kui-liang, XU Feng-ming, ZHAO Jun, WU Da-tian
Dozens of gold deposits have been discovered in Duobaoshan-Huma area in the northwestern part of Heilongjiang Province, which are distributed mainly in a rhombic area composed of NE-trending and NW-trending structures. The Proterozoic and Lower Paleozoic stratigraphic units may be the provenance of gold. Three stages of tectonomagmatic thermal events since Paleozoic have provided the heat, fluid and space for metallogenesis. Based on the characteristics of host rocks, ore-forming fluids and regional tectonic evolution of the deposits, it is suggested that the gold deposits in this area divide into three genetic types, i.e. 1) volcanic rock-related epithermal type, hosted by Early Cretaceous volcanic rock, with ore-forming fluid from meteoric water; 2) epithermal type gold deposits controlled by compressional structure, without choice for host rock, with mixed ore-forming fluid from meteoric water and metamorphic fluid, low salinity and less CO
2
; and 3) skarn-type and porphyry-type of associated gold deposits, with high mineralization temperature, high salinity and CO
2
-rich fluid inclusions. The former two types were formed in the same period but located in different tectonic level, in the geological environment of post orogenic extension. The third type of gold deposits were formed in compressive orogenic environment related to the subduction of paleo-Pacific plate and the closure of Mongol-Okhotsk ocean in Late Triassic-Middle Jurassic period.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 323-329 [
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330
STUDY ON THE SEISMIC FACIES OF THE SHAHEZI FORMATION IN XUJIAWEIZI FAULT DEPRESSION IN SONGLIAO BASIN
LYU Peng-ji, LIU Cheng-zhi, YAN Kang, ZHANG Ji-wei
The Shahezi Formation in the Xujiaweizi Depression in Songliao Basin, formed in the early stage of depression, is largely influenced by the depression. For the situation of less drilling and uneven distribution, based on the seismic reflection termination relationship, the Shahezi Formation is divided into five seismic sequences from Sq1 to Sq5. According to the internal reflection texture and external geometric configuration and in combination with parameters, six seismic facies are identified in the target sequences of the study area, including wedge shaped, parallel sheet, overlap, mound shape, blank and hummocky seismic facies, with detail descriptions of their characteristics. The seismic facies are transformed into sedimentary facies through a comprehensive interpretation. The results show that the target sequences develop the sedimentary systems of braided river delta, fan delta, lake and sublacustrine fan.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 330-334 [
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335
ANALYSIS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VORTEX STRUCTURE IN HUAKUNTOUYINGZI AREA IN WESTERN LIAONING PROVINCE
PAN Ming-chen, XU Gui-yan, GAO Xuan, XU Ye, LIU Wen-hai, LIANG You-wei, LU Hong-feng, DING Wei, LI Yan, HU Hai-yan, WANG Fen-li, LI Hong-mei, ZOU Ji-qing, CHEN Yao, ZHAO Chen, SHAO Xue-feng, LIU Shuang
The vortex structure in Huakuntouyingzi area in Western Liaoning Province, which is the result of plate collision and intra-continent orogeny, is composed of inner ring, outer ring and nappe. The inner ring is a complete lotus-form structure system, from center to outside, with lithostratigraphic units arranged in circle from old to new. The outer ring is the core of NEtrending Wafangzi anticlinorium, with Wumishan Formation as the main body. The inner ring and outer ring are separated by collapse faults and rotary compressive fault. Minerals related to the structure include lead, zinc and manganese deposits.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 335-338 [
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339
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METALLOGENIC MODEL OF THE BAIZHANGZI GOLD DEPOSIT IN LINGYUAN, LIAONING PROVINCE
WANG Xiao-ou
The Baizhangzi gold deposit is an important magmatic hydrothermal type of gold deposit in Lingyuan, Western Liaoning Province. The outcrop in the orefield is dominated by Dahongyu Formation of Changcheng System, which serves as the host rocks. The metamorphic series of Archean Jianping Group is the main resource bed of Baizhangzi gold deposit. The Baizhangzi ore body is the branch of Dazhangzi intrusive rocks, which intruded upward from deep crust and extracted oreforming material from Jianping Group, finally formed gold orebody in Dahongyu Formation. With analysis of the ore-forming process, the metallogenic model of Baizhang gold deposit is set up.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 339-342 [
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343
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING INDICATORS FOR DATAIGOU IRON DEPOSIT IN BENXI, LIAONING PROVINCE
ZHANG Jing, SHAO Jun, BAO Qing-zhong, WANG Hong-bo, ZHOU Yong-heng
The Dataigou iron deposit in Benxi, Liaoning Province is the first oversize Anshan-type iron deposit explored below elevation of -1000 m in Anshan-Benxi iron ore metallogenic belt. The ore-bearing rock series are Yingtaoyuan Formation of Anshan Group, with concealed steeply dipping tabular iron orebody inside, buried in 1100-1200 m deep with extension of 2000 m long. The orebody falls into three natural ore types from top to bottom, i.e. hematite, hematite-magnetite complex and magnetite ores. The Dataigou iron deposit is of typical Anshan-type with simple mineral compositions, including iron-bearing minerals dominated by magnetite and hematite (specularite). The iron ores are in mosaic, lepido and columnar granoblastic textures, with mainly banded structure. The average grade of TFe is 29.34%, with mFe of 14.63%, SiO
2
of 46.08% and little other elements. Based on the geological characteristics, the prospecting indicators of Dataigou iron deposit are summarized, which would provide reference for prospecting potential iron deposits with deep burial and significant magnetic anomaly in the region.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 343-351,356 [
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352
DISTRIBUTION LAW OF MANGANESE AND POTENTIAL EVALUATION OF MANGANESE DEPOSITS IN LIAONING PROVINCE
HU Jian-fei, CHI Guang-cheng, WANG Yin-fu, WANG Xin
With study on the distribution characteristics of manganese in different geological tectonic units, strata of different times and different rock types, it is considered that the Western Liaoning platform-depression and Songliao depression could be important source for manganese ore. Combined with the characteristics of manganese-rich strata and geological features of manganese deposit in Liaoning Province, the study shows that the manganiferous limestone of Tieling Formation can be regarded as the significant indicator for sedimentary manganese deposit. Western Liaoning can be classified as a large shallow sea sedimentary manganese metallogenic prospect area. In eastern and southern Liaoning, where Cretaceous Mn-rich shale is distributed, it is expected to find medium-large lacustrine facies sedimentary manganese deposits. Volcanic hydrothermal manganese deposits can be prospected on the west of Chaoyang and Jinxi area. Their source beds are the quartz sandstone of Chuanlinggou Formation, Mn-bearing fine sandstone of Gaoyuzhuang Formation and Mn-rich carbonate rocks of Dahongyu, Tieling and Hongshuizhuang formations. The ore-forming fluid is supplied by acidic magma.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 352-356 [
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357
THE SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT OF LINXI FORMATION IN TAOHAIYINGZI AREA OF ARU-HORQIN QI, INNER MONGOLIA
LI Xiao-hai, ZHENG Yue-juan, ZONG Wen-ming, HUANG Xin, GONG Fan-hao, LI Wen-bo
Taohaiyingzi in Aru-Horqin Qi is one of the typical areas where Late Permian Linxi Formation is well developed. Linxi Formation is lithologically dominated by the assemblage of black, dark gray and celadon sandstone and slate, with rich non-marine fossils in the upper part. The mudstone samples from Linxi Formation in Taohaiyingzi profile and LD2 well are analyzed for constant elements and trace elements with geochemical method. It is found that the Linxi Formation is generally characterized by high silicon, aluminum and calcium, and low phosphorus and manganese. Based on the fossil assemblage and preservation condition, it is believed that the Linxi Formation in this area was formed in the sedimentary environment of salt-fresh water, with a desalting process. The bottom of the formation is in the sedimentary environment of sea-land interaction; while the upper part is the fresh water lake of continental facies.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 357-363,382 [
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364
GEOMORPHOLOGY OF MIAROLITIC SYENGRANITE IN SHIRENGOU, INNER MONGOLIA
TANG Zhen, LI Wei, SI Qiu-liang, TAO Chuan-zhong, MA Yong-fei, YANG Liu
With study on the geomorphic forms and genesis of miarolitic syengranite in Shirengounanshan, Inner Mongolia, it is revealed that the unique geomorphic types include pebbly landform, drasy cavity, etc., with the Early Cretaceous A-type miarolitic syengranite as the landscaped rock. The NNE-NE and NW-trending faults, fissures and joints basically control the shape and size of mountains. Weathering denudation, water erosion and gravitational collapse are the major external power that forms the miarolitic syengranite landforms. The unique landscaped rock and various geomorphic types make it the rare geological heritage and tourism resources.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 364-368,397 [
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369
GEOCHEMISTRY AND TECTONIC IMPLICATION OF THE EARLY PALEOZOIC INTRUSIVE ROCKS IN THE KALADAWAN AREA, NORTHERN ALTUN MOUNTAINS
LIU Mu, CHEN Bai-lin, LI Song-bin
The Kaladawan area is located in the northeast of Altun Mountains, where the Early Paleozoic tectonic settings were complicated, accompanied by intense granitic magmatism. Based on the research of petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of the Early Paleozoic acid-intermediate intrusive rocks in this area, the regional geological events and tectonic settings are discussed. Four of the five plutons in this study are characterized by high-K calc-alkaline. The other presents low-K character. Most of the samples analyzed show the characteristics of I-type granite, with a few as transitional products from I-type to S-type, indicating the active continental margin environment of oceanic-continental crust. Regards Combining the surrounding geological background, this region should be the volcanic island arc when the ancient Altun oceanic crust collided with Tarim massif.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 369-375 [
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376
GENESIS AND PROSPECTING POTENTIAL OF THE CAILONG PLUTON IN NORTHEASTERN QUSHUI COUNTY, TIBET
HE Sheng-hui, CHEN Xian-sheng, RONG Hui-feng
The Cailong pluton is located in the southern rim of the Gangdise-Nyainqentanglha slab, near the Yarlung Zangbo junction. With analysis on the petrography, REE and trace element of samples, it is revealed that the pluton falls into marginal phase, transitional phase and intermediate phase. Being genetically I-type granite, the rock-forming magma of the pluton might have resulted from the mixture of basic magma at the bottom of the lower crust or crust-mantle boundary and acidic magma of the lower crust formed by partial melting. Formed in continental arc environment, there were favorable conditions for mineralization such as the hydrous minerals of biotite and hornblende, with high-silicon, enriched calcium and low-alkali, rich Cl and poor F, medium to strong enrichment of Ag, Cu, Mo and Sn. The Pb and Zn mineralization in E-W-trending fracture zone shows that the pluton has the potential of forming mesothermal deposit.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 376-382 [
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383
GEOCHEMCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SONGGUI BAUXITE DEPOSIT IN HEQING, NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN PROVINCE
WU Chun-jiao, ZHANG Li, WANG Gen-hou, MENG Xian-zhen, SANG Xue-zhen, ZHOU Jie
The orebodies of researched area are hosted in the unconformity between the Triassic oil shale at the bottom of the Zhongwo Formation and the underlying limestone and dolomitic limestone of Beiya Formation, showing as lenticular and funnel-shaped. Impacted by magma intrusion and karst development, the thickness of ore bed is unstable. The ore minerals are mainly diaspore. According to the structure, the ore types can be divided into oolitic bauxite, dense bean-like bauxite and loose (soil-like) bauxite. The lithochemical data of the deposit such as Al/Si ratio generally reflect the positive correlation between Al
2
O
3
, SiO
2
and TiO
2
. The ore samples show enrichment of ΣREE, positive anomalies of
δ
Ce and negative anomalies of
δ
Eu. The study of trace elements indicates the characteristics of sedimentary origin, showing the multi-source of oreforming materials. It could be inferred that the bauxite was deposited in a marine environment.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 383-388 [
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389
APPLICATION OF INDUCED POLARIZATION METHOD IN MINERAL PROSPECTIVE SURVEY IN FENGCHENG COUNTY, LIAONING PROVINCE
ZHAO Wei-jun, GAO Fei, SUN Zhong-ren
As one of the effective methods to search for sulfide metallic deposits, the induced polarization (IP) method is widely applied in mineral exploration. The paper discusses the application of time domain IP method in mineral prospective survey in Fengcheng County, Liaoning Province. With area measurements in IP intermediate gradient, five IP anomalies are delineated. Based on geological and geochemical survey, four IP sounding profiles are laid out in the M4 anomalous area of Cu, Pb and Zn belts revealed by trench. The burial depth and shape of potential mineralized body are described, which provide suggestions for further deep prospecting.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 389-391 [
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392
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN MEASUREMENT OF As, Sb, Bi AND Hg IN GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY HG-AFS
YANG Liu, LI Li-jun, TANG Zhen, WU Yue
Based on practical work and related literature, the paper analyzes the effects of sample preparation, acidity and concentration of potassium borohydride on accuracy and sensitivity of measurement of As, Sb, Bi and Hg by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS), confirms the effects of some influencing factors such as negative high-voltage, carrier flow, atomizer height, temperature and element interference on test result, and summarizes troubleshooting methods for instruments, the way of testing error-control and other potential problems and solutions in ordinary test process.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 392-394 [
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395
MEASUREMENT OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE IN NICKEL ORES WITH GRAVIMETRIC METHOD
HAO Yuan-fang, XU Ying-kui, ZHANG Kuo
The gravimetric method is established for measurement of magnesium oxide in nickel ore, by which the mass fraction of magnesium oxide is calculated with the magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation produced from ammonium dibasic phosphate. With study on the effect of nickel occurrence, temperature, precipitant, aging time and interference elements on the results, it is concluded that the optimum conditions include burning temperature of 1100℃, 20 mL of precipitant dosage and aging time more than 5 h. The method detection limit is 1%, with relative standard deviation of 0.31%-4.38% and recovery rate of 98.9% to 100.3%. The method is accurate with simple operation, suitable for determining magnesium oxide in nickel ores.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 395-397 [
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398
OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENT OF SEDIMENTOLOGY AND HOT ISSUES IN OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION
JIANG Wen-chao, ZHANG Xin-rong, FANG Shi, YUAN Wei, WANG Kai, LIU Lin-ping
The development of sedimentology has experienced three stages:germination and initial formation, transition from sedimentary petrology to sedimentology and all-round development. The research field developed from microscopic to macroscopic, from petrographic features of sedimentary rocks further into its genesis, from observation of rocks to explanation of sedimentary facies. With sequence stratigraphy and seismic sedimentology as the beginning of qualitative to quantitative study, geochemistry, digital simulation and experimental techniques provide effective methods for its realization. Hot issues related to sedimentology in present oil and gas exploration field are summarized in this paper, such as theoretical research and practical application of seismic sedimentology, identification of deep-water deposition, genesis of dolomite, development prospect of shallow-water deltas in oil and gas exploration, development and challenge for cyclostratigraphy and global change sedimentology, etc. which provide basic information for further development of new theoretical methods and techniques in sedimentology.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 398-407 [
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408
ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF Cr
6+
POLLUTION IN THE HAIBEI CHEMICAL PLANT IN QINGHAI PROVINCE
AN Yong, LIU Li-feng, BAO Shan-lei, ZHANG Yong-yan
The Haibei Chemical Plant has stopped production for 15 years, but the Cr
6+
pollution of the site is still serious. Investigation shows that the original pollutant source is the production waste and the remaining liquid waste, which leached into the soil with rainfall and polluted the soil and the groundwater. The quality of soil and groundwater is evaluated with groundwater quality standard and pollution index method. The result reveals that an area of 0.75 km
2
has been seriously polluted. The average Cr
6+
content in the unsaturated zone is detected to be 67.67×10
-6
, which exceeds the standard of Grade V water. By analyzing the hydrogeological conditions and the assessment data, it is suggested that soil replacement and pumping method should be adopted to clean up the Cr pollutant from soil and groundwater in the area.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 408-413 [
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414
STUDY OF THE GENESIS OF THE BAUXITE DEPOSIT IN BOLOVEN PLATEAU, PAKSE, LAOS
DIAO Chun-cai
The bauxite deposit in Boloven Plateau is located in the southeast of Champasak Province, southern Laos. Drilling, trenching and analysis of samples show that the ore bodies, which occur in Quaternary weathering residual sediments, are lateritic type bauxite, formed by weathered and leached basalt. The burial depth is 760 m above sea level and above the base level of erosion. The proved reserve is about 8 million tons, with total reserves about 60 million tons. With analysis of the geological exploration result, the article introduces the genetic characteristics and occurrence regularity of the deposit, as well as prediction to the ore-searching prospects.
2014 Vol. 23 (4): 414-417 [
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2014 Vol. 23 (4): 418-418 [
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