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2004 Vol.13 Issue.4,Published 2004-12-31
193 THE PRECIOUS FOSSIL-BEARING BEDS OF YIXIAN FORMATION IN BEIPIAO-YIXIAN AREA: THIER AGES AND CORRELATION
ZHANG Li-dong, JIN Cheng-zhu, GUO Sheng-zhe, ZHANG Chang-jie, PENG Yan-dong, JIA Bing, CHEN Shu-wang, XING De-he, DING Qiu-hong, ZHENG Yue-juan
The Yixian formation in Beipiao-Yixian area, composed mainly of volcano-sedimentary strata, contains four volcanic subcycles.The organic fossils, which formed mainly in the periods of the 1st, 2nd and 4th subcycles, are found in three beds.The precious fossil assemblage represented by Sinosuaropteryx, Confuciusornis and Archaefructus liaoningensis in the 2nd member of Yixian formation and formed during the period of 125 to 127 Ma.The pillow lavas, quenched rocks and high frequency sequence strata all indicate that the precious fossil-bearing beds (the 2nd member of Yixian formation) of Beipiao-Yixian area were situated in a relatively deep lake environment, to show the lake expansive system tract.The precious fossil-bearing beds of both Beipiao and Yixian areas are basically equivalent and correlatable.The Yixian formation was formed during the period of 135 to 120 Ma, i.e.Early Cretaceous in age.Many evidences have revealed that the boundary between Jurassic and Cretaceous should be set in the basal boundary of Yixian formation.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 193-201,221 [Abstract] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1946KB] ( 289 )
202 MESOZOIC SALAMANDER FOSSIL-BEARING STRATA IN RESHUITANG AREA NEAR LINGYUAN,WESTERN LIAONING
ZHANG Li-jun, WANG Li-xia
New salamander fossil-bearing beds were found from a suite of acid intermediate and acid-volcanic rocks in Reshuitang area near Lingyuan, Western Liaoning Province.The fossil beds are inferred as to Reshuitang Bed.The sala-mander fossils are similar to those of Chunerpeton from the Haifanggou Formation exposed at Daohugou, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia.The plant fossil assemblage shows their feature situated between Middle Jurassic Haifanggou and Early Cretaceous Yixian Formations.Its age refers to the late stage of Middle Jurassic.Therefore, the Reshuitang Bed, together with the overlying and underlying acid and acid-intermediate volcanic rocks, is included into the Tiaoqishan Formation.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 202-206 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 548KB] ( 197 )
207 CHARACTERISTICS AND GENESIS OF THE LIPARITIC MORTAR-LAVA IN SIMUKE AREA OF NORTHERN DAXINGANLING
ZHAO Huan-li, HAN Yan-dong, LI Yang-chun, LIU Zhen, YU Rong-wen
A special kind of liparitic mortar-lava with the texture of both lava and ignimbrite is developed in Simuke area, Northern Daxinganling.The rock is characterized by enriched Si, alkaline and LREE, Na20/K20=0.61-0.82, with relatively great negative Eu anomaly, high Rb and Th content and low Ba and K.It geochemically resembles the liparite of the same period, but with significant different in their lithofacies.They were probably both originated in post-orogenic extension environment, and might be the polymorphs formed in different emplacement of magma.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 207-210 [Abstract] ( 15 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 390KB] ( 202 )
211 THE INVESTIGATION OF PALEOZOIC STRATA IN SHUGUANG BURIED HILLS OF LIAOHE BASIN: GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
WEI Xi, ZHU Yong-jun, WANG Ren-hou, SONG Bai-rong
The strata with carbonate rock, sandstone and shale in Shuguang buried hills of Liaohe basin were considered as Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic. The discovery of the remained animal fossils in these strata leads to the new point of that Paleozoic layers exist. By study on conodonts, fossil petrology, rock assemblage and logging data, this set of strata is reclassified and described, and the stratum sequence of Cambrian and Ordovician is established. The results indicate that the Paleozoic reservoir exists in Liaohe fault basin. The buried hills are not monocline but a complex faulted block composed of a part of a fold. On this basis, the structural features and distribution of the Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoir inside the Liaohe basin buried hills can be viewed. In addition, the determination of the Paleozoic in the Liaohe basin extends the distribution of the Paleozoic in Liaoning Province. It is significant in modifying and perfecting the lithofacies paleogeography of the period.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 211-216 [Abstract] ( 24 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 601KB] ( 248 )
217 THE EVOLVEMENT OF MESOZOIC AND CENOZOIC MAGMA IN NORTH TIBET: The significance to geodynamic diagenetic mineralization of gold
LU Yan-ming, LIU Gui-ge, FAN Jun-jie, WEI Wan-shun
The magmatic activity during Messozoic and Cenozoic eras in north Tibet is intense, with a complex diagenetic mechanism. Study on the granites shows that the large batholith in the area is composed of rock units of various diagenetic environment and mechanism. Each unit has defferent relations to gold deposit. The spatial distribution of gold deposits is closely related to that of the rock bodies. Based on the study of major elements and Sr and O isotope of granite, the diagenetic tectonic setting, material resources and gold mineralization of the rock bodies present periodical (pulsing) changing with the diagenetic periods. There is a regular variation between crust thickness and gold mineralization while the igneous rocks formed.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 217-221 [Abstract] ( 23 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 542KB] ( 115 )
222 CHARACTERISTICS OF GOLD MINERALIZATION IN THE ERENHOT-ULANHOT REGION, EASTERN INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA
ZHAO Li-qing, SUN Shi-hua, XIAO Cheng-dong, LEI Shi-bin, MAO Qian, FANG Cong-yi
The studied area belongs to the Middle Paleozoic orogenic belt containing old block and reformed during Mesozoic era.Xilinhot Proterozoic complex with high Au and Sn content occurs in the region, also with Paleozoic ophiolites, suture belts, Permian volcanic rocks and large scale of Mesozoic magmatic activity and related polymetal mineralization.The types of gold mineralization are as follows:quartz-vein type and alteration rock type in shear zones; basic and ultrabasic intrusive rock hosted (high temperature) hydrothermal Fe-Cu-Au deposit;Yanshanian sub-volcanic rock hosted Cu-Zn-Au deposit and gold mineralization ass-ted with copper deposits, which are related to sub volcanic activity.In addition, sediment hosted Au-Sb mineralization and epithermal gold mineralization are also discovered and should be paid great attention to for exploration. Metallogenic ages include four intervals:242-229 Ma, 169-161.8 Ma, 132-159 Ma (mainly 130-140 Ma) and 127-109.2 Ma.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 222-228 [Abstract] ( 31 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 991KB] ( 222 )
229 PROSPECTING CRITERIA FOR COPPER-ZINC DEPOSITS IN QINGYUAN,LIAONING PROVINCE
YU Feng-jin, WANG En-de, SONG Xiao-jun, ZHANG Yun-feng, YANG Tie-jun, LI Wei, WANG Xi-hua
The ore control factors of the massive sulfide Cu-Zn deposits in Qingyuan Archeozoic granite greenstone include submarine volcanic eruption, sedimentation, taphrogeosyncline structures and folding.The comprehensive prospecting criteria are established in such aspects as thin interbedded belts, dome borders, fold axes, zero lines of vertical secondary derivation, TEM anomalies, K2O/Na2O value, bulogen family element anomalies, mercury anomalies and so on.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 229-232,250 [Abstract] ( 21 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 505KB] ( 164 )
233 SILICALITE OF SHUANGQIAOSHAN GROUP IN DEXING AREA, JIANGXI PROVINCE: Its significance in searching “Jinshan type” of gold deposits
XU Qing-sheng
Considering the distribution of the silicalite of Mesoproterozoic Shuangqiaoshan group in the north of Jiangxi Province, the lithology and mineralization of the rock is studied. The relations between the silicalite and ductile shear zone as well as "Jinshan type" of gold deposits are discussed in the aspects of their distribution, material sources and genesis of gold deposits.The silicalite is not only the direct host for the "Jinshan type" of gold deposits in the area, but also an important indicator of exploration. It is significant in the searching for gold deposits of the type beyond Dexing area.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 233-236 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 408KB] ( 179 )
237 WETLANDS AND THEIR PROTECTION IN NORTHEAST CHINA
DI Zhi-qiang, MIAO Ying, JIA Wei-guang, JIN Hong-tao, ZHAO Hai-qing
The wetlands in Northeast China cover an area 1060.69×104 hm2, accounting for 8.5% of the total land of the region. By analysing the form, type and distribution of the wetlands, as well as the problems upon them, the article discusses the urgency and necessity for wetland protection.Since water is an important factor in ecological environment system of wetland, the most important thing in protection is for water resources environment.It also proposes such countermeasures and steps as perfecting laws and rules to protect wetland resources, conducting surveys on resources of wetlands for comprehensive researches, managing wetlands scientifically to strictly control the development and utilization, reasonably disposing water resources for the ecological environment, establisling examplary areas for wetland protection and reasonable utilization, returning pasture lands to wetlands and grasslands, and returning the cultivated lands to marshlands and swamps.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 237-241 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 708KB] ( 172 )
242 LEAD ISOTOPIC TRACING AND ITS FUTURE APPLICATION IN THE MINING ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT OF LIAONING PROVINCE
YAO Yu-zeng, JIN Cheng-zhu
Lead isotopic tracing is one of the most prospective methods in environmental geochemistry.This article reviews the current achievement of this technology applying in environmental science in the aspects of pollution detecting, source tracing, degree of pollution, pathway and flux tracing, migration rate, bioavailability, transport regularity etc.The future application in mining environment assessment of Liaoning Province is analyzed as well.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 242-245,257 [Abstract] ( 31 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 596KB] ( 331 )
246 RE-UNDERSTANDING OF THE METALLOGETICS OF GOLD DEPOSITS
SHAO Jun, HUI De-feng, KONG Xiang-min, ZHOU Nai-wu
Auriferous formations, which are made of sedimentary rocks or volcanic-sedimentary rocks containing C, S and Fe, can be divided into five types depending on their forming conditions and evolution. The dual nature of Au element determines its characteristics of dual mineralization process. Metallogenetic materials of all endogenetic gold deposits come directly from auriferous formations. The metallogenetic hydrothermal fluids are evolved from water in the auriferous formations. Absolute gold deposits are classified as six types, based on auriferous formations that are the foundation of Au-mineralization. The mineralization mechanism of gold deposits is discussed referring "liquid state ore-source" and "secondary transportation". The metallogenetic model of gold deposit is set up.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 246-250 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 486KB] ( 144 )
251 A NEW EXPLANATION TO THE REASON FOR MASS MORTALITY OF BIRDS IN SIHETUN,LIAONING PROVINCE
ZHENG Da-zhong, ZHENG Ruo-feng
The mass mortality of birds in Early Cretaceous in Sihetun area, Beipiao, Liaoning Province was once considered to be caused essentially by the toxic gases of SO2, H2S, PbBr2, PbBrCl, Pb (OH)Br, (PbO)2PbBr2 and Hg from volcanic eruption.By study on the physiological and habitual characteristics of birds, the evolution and eruption of volcanoes in the region, as well as the producing conditions, physical and chemical characters and toxicity of CO and the hydrides of C, As, Sb, Bi and Pb, the authors conclude that the lethal gases are the hydrides and CO released in the eve of eruption.The birds were buried by the volcanic ash from the afterwards eruption, and then evolved to fossils.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 251-252 [Abstract] ( 16 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 213KB] ( 190 )
253 PROGRESS OF RESEARCH ON GOLD “SOURCE BED/ROCK”
YAN Li-wei, YAO Yu-zeng
The research on the "source bed/rock" for gold deposits has experienced three periods, that is, the period of hypothesis and inference, the period of geochemical distinction and the period of study on the occurrence (or releasability) of gold.The newest result shows that the gold in strata or rocks is in two parts.One of them occurs inside the lattice of silicate or oxide facies, which is difficult to be released in gold mineralization, with less contribution to metallogenesis.The other occurs mainly between the grains of sulfides or rock-forming minerals and within organic or carbonate grains, which is easy to be released, transferred by ore-forming fluids, and enriched in favorable position for depositing in the later stage of mineralization.
2004 Vol. 13 (4): 253-256 [Abstract] ( 21 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 446KB] ( 188 )
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