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2003 Vol.12 Issue.2,Published 2003-06-30
65 GEOLOGY AND GENESIS OF THE HERCYNIAN-INDOSINIAN GRANITIC ROCKS IN ZHULUKE AREA,WESTERN LIAONING PROVINCE,CHINA
BAO Qing-zhong, GUO Sheng-zhe, ZHANG Li-dong
The granitic rocks in Zhuluke area,Western Liaoning,emplaced during Late Hercynian-Indosinian cycle,with Rb Sr isochronal dating age of 226.8~260 Ma.According to the classification principles of lithological lineage units,the granitic rocks may be divided (in descending order)into Zhongguanyingzi (including Xiyao and Erdaogou units)and Yushulinzi (including Litaizi,Nianpanshan and Aobaoshan units)super-units.The magma evolved from intermediate to acid in nature.Genetically,they are the transition between I-type and S-type granites,formed in the tectonic environment of late orogenic epoch,directly related to the South Mongolian compound orogeny.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 65-71 [Abstract] ( 15 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 709KB] ( 233 )
72 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE MINEROGENETIC MODEL OF MESOZOIC VOLCANIC-MAGMATIC ROCKS IN EASTERN JILIN,CHINA
LIU Bin
The Mesozoic continental volcanic fault basin in Eastern Jilin is tectonically located in Yanbian synclinorium of Yanbian eugeosyncline fold belt.Since Mesozoic,faults with different directions,intense volcanic activities and frequent magma intrusions have been developing in this area.Gold,copper and polymetal deposits,as well as mineralizing alterations,which are genetically related to the Mesozoic volcanic magmatic activities,are commonly seen,forming the well known E-W-trending Wufeng-Xiaoxinancha post-volcanic magmatic stage epithermal Au-Cu-polymetal metallogenic belt.The Mesozoic volcanic-magmatic rocks in the region are the result of mantle magma intrusion,accompanied by mineralization,with Au-Cu-polymetal orebodies formed in favorable structural positions.The ore-forming matters are derived from the mantle.The mineralization took place in acid media under a reduction condition.From far source to near source,with the mineralizing zonation of Au,Ag→Au,Cu,Ag→Cu,Au,Pb,Zn→Cu(Mo,Au),the ore-forming temperatures change from low to high;while the sulphide contents vary from poor to abundant.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 72-77 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 546KB] ( 202 )
78 MINEROGENIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GOLD MINERALIZATIONIN IN XIKOUZI-BADAOKA AREA,INNER MONGOLIA
SHAO Jun, ZONG Gui-hu, ZHANG Jiong-fei, LI Zhen-xiang, LIU Shu-jin, ZHU Qun
Xikouzi-Badaoka area is rectonically located in the north of Ergun massif,where the Proterozoic metamorphic rocks are outcropped, with intense Jurassic magmatic activities.The E-W trending basement structures are superposed by a series of Jurassic left handed compresso shearing NE-trending faults and tensile N-S trending faults.The Au mineralization bodies occur as veins and lenses in altered fracture zones within metamorphic rocks and biotite admellite,or in the contacts between the metamorphic rocks and quartz diorite.The gold ores are altered rocks and quartz veins.The associated wall-rock alterations include silicification,pyritization and beresitization.The REE patterns of porphyroid biotite-admellite and quartz-diorite are similar to those of gold orebodies.The S-isotopic values of pyrites in ores are between-1.4 and-8.5.The vapor phase compositions of minerogenic fluid are mainly H2O,CO2 and N2,with minor CH4,C2H6 and O2;while the liquid phase,mainly Cl-,F-,SO42-,Na+ and K+ with minor Ca2+ and Mg2+.Geochemistry studies indicate that the Au-mineralization is closely related to biotite-admellite and quartz-diorite.The minerogenic materials are mainly derived from lower crust and/or mantle.The minerogenic fluid is alkali-riched weakly reducible magmatic hydrothermal solution.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 78-84 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 680KB] ( 213 )
85 GEOLOGY AND GENESIS OF FENSHUI GOLD DEPOSIT
QU Yong-feng
Fenshui gold deposit,located in northeast of Dashiqiao,Liaoning Province,occurs in the external contact belt of Shipengyu super-unit,belonging to post-magmatic mesothermal deposit.Archean metamorphic plutonite,upper crustal rock and Liaohe group metamorphic formation are distributed in Fenshui gold field.The former is the main wall rock of gold ore body.The biotite alkali-feldspar granite of Shipengyu super-unit, formed in early Yanshanian stage (Rb-Sr 186±13 Ma),is the ore-forming parent rock of Fenshui gold deposit.The main gold ore bodies occur in single quartz veins in plate,vein or lenticle shapes,10-129.5 meters long and 0.25-2.98 meters thick.The mean grade of gold ore is 11.71×10-6,with a variation of 71.9% to 234%, belonging to even-most uneven type.There are 46 ore bodies with 1839.5 kg of total reserves in Fenshui gold deposit.More than 5000 kg of gold have been mined since 1939.The characteristics of lead isotope show that the ore-forming material of Fenshui gold deposit originated from two sources of 186±13 Ma and 2800 Ma±.In early Yanshanian stage, the post-magmatic hydrothermal solution that derived from middle-plutonic intrusion (186±13 Ma)of biotite alkali feldspar granite in Shipengyu ultra-unit extracted ore-forming materials from country rock (2800 Ma±) to form gold deposits little later than 186±13 Ma.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 85-90 [Abstract] ( 19 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 546KB] ( 158 )
91 A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE OCCURRENCE OF SHALLOW CIRCULATED KARSTIC WATER IN THE FAULT BASINS IN YUNNAN PROVINCE,CHINA
TAN Ji-zhong, TAN Ji-ze
Fault basin is the primary type of basins in Yunnan Province.It is socially and economically significant to study the occurrence and reasonably utilized the resource of the karstic water in the fault basins.By strudy on typical fault basins,four occurrence types of shallow circulated karstic water are recognized,i.e.exposed type,exposed-covered type,exposed-buried type and stagnant type.In the area of exposed type of karst,cavity systems are unevenly distributed with fast pipeline flow.In the covered type area,the water-bearing strata are equal to porous media,of which the layered structure varies vertically.Most of them are the slow and spread flow.The groundwater discharges by way of underground river or heavy spring at the edge of basin valley.The stagnant type belongs to exposed karstic water in resisting condition with scattered and limited water,which is suitable to solve the problem of water shortage in mountainous distrcts.For the fault basins in different tectonic areas in Yunnan Province,the karstic water should be developed in corresponding rational ways.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 91-96 [Abstract] ( 21 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 524KB] ( 216 )
97 ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY RESEARCH ON THE REGIONAL BACKGROUND VALUE OF ARSENIC IN WATER AND ITS POLLUTION IN HUANGSHI,HUBEI PROVINCE
LI Wei, MA Zhen-dong, CHEN Yue-yue
By systematic analysis of each type of water bodies and water pollution in the intermountain basin in Huangshi,where copper deposits are concentrated,we obtain the results as follows.1)The content of As in each type of water bodies is fluctuated between 0.52 and 5.46 μg/L,which represents the characteristics that the Cu-rich region is with high As background water bodies.2)The regional geological setting is the chief factor affecting the background value of As in each type of water bodies,among which the water bodies in the clasolite areas contain relatively higher As,with acidic to neutral pH value (6.15-7.14) and high electrical conductivity (R:600-1860 μΩ-1).3)The water pollution in the region includes natural pollution and artificial pollution.The former is in the water from the skarn orebody(mineralization)in the contact zone between the Mesozoic acid-intermediate rock body and carbonatite and the coal measures of Permian Liangshan group and Longtan group;while the latter is the waste water from dressing plants,chemical plants and nonferrous metal smelteries.4)The different pollution sources vary in the total As contents,the element assemblages,and the physical and chemical characteristics(pH,Ec ets.).
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 97-101,90 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 597KB] ( 207 )
102 THE FEATURES AND PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY RESOURCES FOR TOURISM: A case study of the Three Rivers region
XIE Hong-zhong, YANG Shi-yu
The environmental geology resources for tourism is a part of geographical environment,and with its own attributes.It is helpful for the environment protection to sum up these features and to analysis the relationship between them.The Three Rivers region is located in the deep valley of Hengduanshan Mountains in northwest Yunnan Province,where the Nujiang River,Lancangjiang River and Jinshajiang River run parallelly,with rich geologic resources for tourism.The authors conclude the features about the environmental geology resources for tourism on the basis of an investigation on the Three River region,and then propose some advices on protecting the environmental geology resources for tourism in the region.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 102-105 [Abstract] ( 24 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 342KB] ( 193 )
106 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SYNTHETIC SPACE DATABASE OF HYDROLOGY,ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY FOR KEY CITIES AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPING ZONES
CHEN Wei-gong, CHEN Wei-biao, CAI Hong-chun, CHEN Yue-yue, LI Jing
The synthetic space database of hydrology,engineering and environmental geology in 1:50000 scale for key cities and economic developing zones is an important component part of the Digital Land Program.During the establishment of such a database for Dalian region,we take the MAPGIS system as the operating platform,by inputting the basic vector data,editing the graphic elements(dots,lines,ets.),correcting errors,constructing graphic layers and connecting the attribute to graphs,then converting projection and format,finally accomplish the synthetic space database.It provides an important basis for further spatial analysis and multi purpose development and application.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 106-110 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 404KB] ( 162 )
111 THE GIS-BASED MINERAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM
CAI Hong-chun, ZHANG Chun-ming, JIANG Shao-fei, CHEN Wei-gong, KOU Da-ming
Geologic information can be generally divided into special data and attribute data, which need to be managed under an integral system. The technology of Geographic Information System (GIS) just meets the requirements. On the basis of GIS technology, a system of data visualization and spatial model analysis is developed for the management of mineral resources in Liaoning Province. It provides a modernized mean of management for production decision making, development and planning of mineral resources.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 111-114 [Abstract] ( 19 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 352KB] ( 221 )
115 THE CHARACTERISTICS,DISTRIBUTION AND PROSPECT OF EPITHERMAL GOLD DEPOSITS
SHA De-ming, YUAN Li-hua
The conception of epithermal deposits was firstly proposed by Lindgren in 1922.From then on, it has caught more and more attentions and set off an unprecedented "epithermal craze" all over the world,especially when a series of epithermal gold deposits of large and super large scale have been found in the circum Pacific mobile belt.With its own characteristics of lower temperatures (<300℃), lower pressures (10-50 MPa) and lower salinity(<5% NaCl),such type of gold deposits has a close relationship to continental volcanic rocks in mineralizing process.The ore forming backgrounds are complex.The deposits can be formed mainly in island arc surroundings of plate convergence,as well as in strike-slip fault belts,overlying volcanic basins and mid-plate rifts under plate pull-apart condition,the mineralization of epithermal gold deposits took place at the late stage of volcanic activity.The ore bodies were finally deposited within the scope of volcano-geothermal system,closely related to shallow-seated porphyry system in both space-time and genesis.The epithermal gold deposits are obviously characterized by concentrated distribution,mainly in the circum Pacific-belt,the Paleo Tethys belt and the Mid-Asian-Mongolian (paleo Asian) belt.The temporal range of the deposits is most importantly spanned in Tertiary,followed by Quaternary and then Mesozoic era. There is a great prospect for the epithermal deposits in China,because all the three worldwide epithermal ore-forming belts are going through China,where some deposits of the type have been discovered,such as the newly found large-scale Axi epithermal gold deposit in late Paleozoic Yili rift in West Tianshan Mountains.The discovery of Axi and its peripheral gold deposits indicates an important breakthrough in gold prospecting. The exploration area for epithermal gold deposits has spreaded into Paleozoic volcanic belt in Eurasian continent.After Axi gold deposit,many mineral occurrences have been found in Tianshan Mountains,Junggar basin,Beishan Moutains and Daxinganling Mountains,showing a great potential of epi-gold deposits in the Mid-Asian-Mongolia belt.The large East China Meso Cenozoic tectonomagmatic belt,belonging to the exobelt of the circum Pacific belt,is one of the important metallogenic belts in China.Many Au-Cu deposits,including Zijinshan gold deposit in Fujian,Jinshan and Yinshan gold deposits in Jiangxi,Tuanjiegou and Guliku gold deposits in Heilongjiang,Wufeng gold deposit in Jilin and Erdaogou gold deposit in Liaoning,have been found with a vast range of prospects for the epithermal gold deposits.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 115-124 [Abstract] ( 43 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 941KB] ( 335 )
125 REVIEW AND PROSPECT FOR GOLD DEPOSIT STUDY
ZHAO Ai-lin, LI Jing-chun, WANG Li, JIN Cheng-zhu
Gold mineralization displays various characteristics in different stages of crustal evolution. In diagenetic stage, gold expresses siderophilicity. In the stage of hydrothermal metallogenesis, it shows thiophilicity. While in the epidiagenetic condition, the element is geochemically characterized by the adsorbality by carbon and argillaceous matters. The concept of "concentrated region of gold mineralization" provided a new idea for the study of regional mineralization of gold. The confirmation of fine impregnated mineralization(Carlin-type) and epithermal gold deposit has greatly improved the exploration for gold deposits. The frontier fields for the present study focus on the background of the concentration regions of gold mineralization, the evolvement of ore-forming fluid and the genesis of superlarge gold deposits.
2003 Vol. 12 (2): 125-128 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 361KB] ( 186 )
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