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2001 Vol.10 Issue.1,Published 2001-03-31
1 PROTEROZOIC-PALEOZOIC SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY IN THE TAIZI RIVER BASIN OF LIAONING PROVINCE
GUO Sheng-zhe, ZHANG Li-dong, ZHANG Chang-jie, BAO Qing-zhong, PENG Yan-dong
In the Taizi River basin, 23 sequences (orthosequence)are recognized in the strata from Late Proterozoic (Qing-baikou System)to Paleozoic (Cambrian-Permian System), and may be merged into 3 supersequences. They are named as the Pianling supersequence (Qn), the Taizihe supersequence (∈-O), and the Niuxintai supersequence (C-P). This paper introduces and describes the general features, sequence boundary surface, sedimentary facies and facies sequence of each se-quence and supersequence. Some special terms different from that of the marine sequence stratigraphy are applied to describe the Carboniferous-Permian terrestrial sequences of the region. Finally, the evolution and development of the Taizi River basin are summarized and divided into 4 stages:1)siliciclastic sea shore stage; 2)terrigenous clastic pedestal stage; 3)carbonate platform stage;and 4)basin shriveling and withering away stage. Actually, this is the first study of sequence stratigraphy in the Taizi River basin up to date.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 24 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 420KB] ( 225 )
11 DIVISION AND CORRELATION OF LATE PRECAMBRIAN STRATA IN SOUTHERN LIAONING, NORTHERN JIANGSU AND ANHUI, WESTERN AND EASTERN SHANDONG
ZHANG Pi-fu
Some mistakes of "super-contacting" or "superimposing" remained in the Late Precambrian stratigraphic sequence in southern Liaoning Province and the north of Jiansu and Anhui Provinces, and between Penglai group in Eastern Shandong and Tumen group in Western Shandong. A new division and correlation plan is proposed on the basis of a clear division regulation of stratigraphic sequence, after a detailed study on the strata in the areas. In the new plan, the position of the studied strata in the stratigraphic column of Late Precambrian of China shows an impotant relation between Sinian System and Qingbaikou System on the geologic and biologic evolution.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 308KB] ( 171 )
18 DUCTILE-BRITTLE SHEAR ZONES AND THEIR CONTROL TO GOLD MINERALIZATION IN TOMORITE GOLD DEPOSIT REGION, QINGHAI PROVINCE
ZHANG Shuan-hong, ZHOU Xian-qiang, TIAN Xiao-juan, SONG You-gui
The ore deposits in Tomorite gold deposit region in Qinghai Province are located in NW-NWW trend fault zones, which are the major ore-controlling structrues in the area. Through thorough analysis of the ore-controlling structures in the area, we found that formation of the fault zones can be divided into three stages, which are ductile shear deformation stage, brittle deformation stage and late reform-destruction stage. The brittle faults superimposed upon the early ductile shear zones are favorable regions for mineralization, and the formation of the ore deposits is related to the ductile-brittle transition of fault zones in the area.Study on ore-controlling structures shows that the ore veins are located near ductile-brittle transition in fault zones. Uplift and denudation after the formation of the ore bodies lead to their exposure near the ground. It is possible that some mylonite-type ore bodies would exit beneath the quartz vein ore bodies, but the tenor of ores would be a little lower. More attentions should be paid to the deep mylonite-type ore bodies in the future work.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 18-24 [Abstract] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 316KB] ( 191 )
25 THE MINEROGENETIC FEATURES OF THE SHUIQUANGOU-HOUGOU SUBALKALIC INTRUSIVE COMPLEX BODY IN NORTH HEBEI
LIU Bin
The Shuiquangou-Hougou subalkalic intrusive complex body, situated in Chongli-Chicheng district in Hebei Province, is the only subalkalic-alkali intrusive complex body that is pregnant with many gold deposits in China. The distribution of the subalkalic intrusive complex body is controlled by the east-west trend Shangyi-Chongli-Chicheng deep fault. The rock of the subalkalic intrusive complex body is composed of mainly diorite, syenite, alkalisyenite, monzonite and quartzmonzonite.The studies on constant element, trace element, REE and lead isotope indicate that the subalkalic intrusive complex body is formed by deep crust-mantle migmatization. The gold deposits are closely related to the subalkalic intrusive complex body. Between east and west, the mineralization in subalkalic intrusive complex is different. In the west, the veins are chiefly quartz veins, quartz veinlets and network veins, the wall rocks are mainly syenite and quartz monzonite. In the east, the fine quartz network veins, altered kata-rocks, alkali-syenite and syenite are dominant. The gold deposits are under the control of the east-west and south-north trending secondary structures derived from the east-west trend Shangyi-ChongliChicheng deep fault. The ore bodies occur in the intersecting positions of two structures.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 25-32 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 359KB] ( 192 )
33 GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING GUIDE OF THE BAGUAMIAO GOLD DEPOSIT IN SHAANXI PROVINCE
ZHANG En, ZHOU Yong-zhang, GUO Jian
The Baguamiao superlarge deposit is hosted in the Devonian of Qinling, Shaanxi. The processes of the regional tectonics evolution in Qingling orogenic belt play an important role in metallization. The mineralization intensity and mineralized field is controlled by brittle-ductile shear zone and the converging junctures of brittle-ductile shear zone and fault. Based on the comprehensive analysis of orefield geology, characteristics of orebody and metallotect, the author summarizes the metallogenic regularities, and points out the direction for prospecting.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 33-37 [Abstract] ( 23 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 247KB] ( 215 )
38 THE INFLUENCE OF MESOZOIC AND CENOZOIC GEOLOGIC PROCESS TO THE CTATE OF REGIONAL LAND RESOURCES IN WESTERN LIAONING PROVINCE
SHEN Shu-wang, ZHANG Li-dong, GUO Sheng-zhe, ZHANG Chang-jie, PENG Yan-dong, JIA Bin, XING De-he, DING Qiu-hong, ZHENG Yue-juan
From two aspects the authors discuss the influence of Mesozoic and Cenozoic geologic process to the state of regional lan d resources in the west part of Liaoning Province. On one hand, the geologic process controls the natural state of regional lan d resources, e.g., the characteristics of land form is resulted from the tectono-magmatic activity and orogenesis.The weathering and fluvial process form kinds of soil-forming material, different types of land texture and physical-chemical property of soil.On the other hand, the geologic process influence the evolution of land resources, e.g., wind, fluvial water and gravity have been changing the regional land resources, and this change would be more serious with the participation of human action.The desertification, landslide, debris-flow and soil-erosion are all resulted from it.It is of most significant to realize and study the relationship between geologic process and state of land resources in order to utilize and protect the land resources effectively.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 38-41 [Abstract] ( 23 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 194KB] ( 190 )
42 A REVIEW ON THE GENETIC CLASSIFICATION OF GOLD DEPOSITS IN CHINA
LI Jing-chun, LI Lan-ying
This paper reviews genetic classification of gold deposits in China. The classifications of gold deposits vary greatly in principle and methods. It can be summed up as follows:(1) by genesis, (2) by source of ore materials, (3) by orehosting rock formation, and (4) by geotectonic setting of metallogenesis.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 42-45 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 176KB] ( 202 )
46 RESEACH ON THE COUPLING PROCESS OF GOLD ORE-FLUID SYSTEM
LIANG Jun-hong, YAO Yu-zeng, JIN Cheng-zhu, WANG Jian-guo
Gold metallogeric process, in a semi-open to open ore-fluid system, covers a series of coupling processes including those between hydrothermal ore-fluid system and ore-controlling circumstance, between the internal factors of hydrothermal orefluid system, and between external environment and each ore-controlling condition, of which the coupling level between hydrothermal ore-fluid system and ore-controlling circumstance decides whether a gold deposit forms.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 46-49 [Abstract] ( 26 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 191KB] ( 184 )
50 MINERALIZING FLUIDS OF ENDOGENETIC GOLD DEPOSITS
SHAO Jun, ZHANG Zhe
Fluid performs as both medium and agent. The fluid action runs through the whole mineralizing progress of endogenetic gold deposits.Different types of gold deposits from different regions share a similar original ore-forming fluid, i.e., the C-H-O system derived from upper mantle or lower crust, rich in SiO2, volatile components and metallogenetic elements. During the migration from deep to shallow position, the original ore-forming fluid is changed in physicochemical characters and composition by the factors of rock formation, mixture of fluids from strata and water/rock reaction, forming a metallogenetic fluid that leads to gold mineralization. The main reasons for the precipitation of ore material (such as Au) in metallogenetic fluid are boiling of fluid, escaping of volatile component from fluid, separation of fluid phases, mixture of different types of fluids and hydrothermal alteration (water/rock reaction).
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 50-55 [Abstract] ( 24 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 266KB] ( 204 )
56 MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS OF Au-Ag DEPOSITS OF HUNAN PROVINCE
XIE Yan-shi, TAN Kai-xuan
The distribution of deposits is characterized by complexity and self-similarity.Fractal theory provides a new method for quantitative description of these character.At present, a single-fractal model is adopted by most researchers to obtain the capacity dimension of distribution of deposits with defferent scales.In view of the deficencies of the model, a multifractal model is introduced to the study of deposit distriution.The multifractal analysis has been worked on 29 large and medium scale deposits and total 75 deposits respectively based on a 1:2 000 000 distribution map of Au-Ag deposits of Hunan Province.The obtained multifractal spectrum is compared to the theoretic spectrum.The analysis shows good prospects for the Au-Ag deposit seaching in the provine.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 56-58 [Abstract] ( 19 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 145KB] ( 198 )
59 CRITICAL INCLUSION AND ITS APPLICATION IN GOLD DEPOSIT GEOLOGICAL STUDY
SHI Li-da, LI Cun-you
Critical inclusions are formed in ultra-critical fluid only when the critical volume is definite.Their gas/liquid ratio is invariant till it becomes homogeneous fluid in thermodynamic process.They occur in all kinds of magmatic, igneous and hypometamorphic rocks and iron, copper, gold and other multi-metal deposits.By studying the critical homogeneous temperature and the phase graph of the fluid system, we can obtain the physicochemical information about the thermodynamic state of minerogenetic fluid system, the basic composition of fluid, critical pressure, salinity, density etc.Through years' research, the authors discover that many gold deposits occurred in hypometamorphic rocks in North China contain critical inclusions whose critical homogeneous temperature is lower than the pure water's (374. 2℃), indicating that the ultra-critical fluid in early minerogenetic stage is composed of a low salinity CO2-H2O system and derived from ancient hypometamorphic rock.The other mineralization hydrothermal, with higher salinity, comes from Mesozoic acid-intermediate rock bodies near the deposits. The ultra-critical fluid has then formed gold deposits with multi-stage, multi-origin and multi-genesis features, which is proved by inclusion refrigeration, composition analysis and the H and O isotopic analysis for the water from inclusions.
2001 Vol. 10 (1): 59-62 [Abstract] ( 23 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 176KB] ( 191 )
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