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2001 Vol.10 Issue.3,Published 2001-09-30
129 THE MAIN ALTERATION TYPE OF AXI GOLD DEPOSIT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO GOLD MINERALIZATION
DONG LIAN-hui
Axi gold deposit, which is occurred in the continental volcanic rocks of Lower Carboniferous Dahalajunshan formation, belongs to typical large gold deposit of adular-sericite type. The mineralization is related to the ring fracture system in the caldera rim(volcanic apparatus). The near-ore wall-rock alteration of the deposit contains mainly silicification, sericitization, adularization, pyrophylitization, chloritization etc. From the main orebody to both sides, the alteration can be zoned into six mineral assemblage zones, i.e., 1)strong silicification zone(auriferous quartz), 2)symmetrical phyllic alteration zone, 3)sericitization zone, 4)propylitization zone, 5)weak sericitization zone and 6)weak propylitization zone, of which the strong silicification and phyllic alteration zones are closely related to gold mineralization.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 129-132 [Abstract] ( 26 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 185KB] ( 212 )
133 A DISCUSSION ON THE GENESIS OF DAPINGGOU GOLD DEPOSIT OF XINJIANG, NORTHWEST CHINA
YANG Feng, CH EN Bai-lin, CHEN Xuan-hua, WANG Xiao-feng, WANG Ke-zhuo, CHEN Zheng-le, LI Xue-zhi, YANG Yi
Dapinggou gold deposit,as one of the several recently found in north area of Altyn Mountain,is controlled by ductile shear zone.It is characterized by mainly altered mylonite-type with partly quartz vein-type.Information from REE characteristics shows that the source materials of the deposit are derived mainly from the metamorphic rocks.While inclusion study indicates that the ore fluid comes from dynamic metamorphic water source with a little influence of magmatic and meteoric water.The ore fluid is featured by density of 0.791~0.971 g/cm3 and salinity of 2.36%~5.5%.The gold deposit forms at 1.61~2.68 km below the surface with a temperature of 198~290℃ and pressure of 42~70 MPa.The gold mineralization age is about 200 Ma.So Dapinggou gold deposit is a medium-temperature dynamic metamorphic hydrothermal type formed in Indo-Chinese epoch.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 133-138 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 259KB] ( 204 )
139 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TAWUERBIEKE-ABIYINDI PORPHYRYTYPE OF GOLD DEPOSIT
JIA Bin, WU Rui-shen, TIAN Chang-lie, SHA De-ming, YANG Sen
Tawuerbieke-Abiyindi gold field, located in Upper Palaeozoic Tulasu volcanic fault basin, two kilometers to the south of Axi gold deposit, belongs to Yili-Middle Tianshan continental crust plate block of Khazakstan plate. In the ore field, there occurred a monzonite porphyry rock body, within which four groups of primary joints and fissures are developed. The fissures make up a number of belts which control ore bodies. The ore bodies are in single vein, network and lens form. There are four types of ore, i.e., pyrite quartz vein, pyrite carbonate quartz vein, pyrite sericite-quartzite and veinlet-disseminated types. The mineralization can be divided into endogenetic and supergenetic epoches. The former can be subdivided into three metallogenic stages and the second stage is the major one for gold deposition. The mineral association consists of pyrite, native gold, electrum, quartz, chlorite, calcite, dolomite, sericite, muscovite and barite. The wall rock alteration include silicification, sericitization. chloritization and carbonation. The study on H, O and S isotopes and fluid inclusion of quartz vein indicates that the ore-forming fluid is derived from the mixture of magmatic hydrothermal and meteoric water. The mineralization occurred at temperature of 130℃, pressure of 22 MPa, salinity of 1.03%, pHs of 5.8 to 8.8 and oxygen fugacities of -36.7 to -38.8. Form early to late stages, the nature of ore-forming fluid ranged from acidic to alkaline. Based on the above, it is recognized as subvolcanic porphyry gold deposit.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 139-145 [Abstract] ( 31 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 431KB] ( 188 )
146 GEOLOGY AND GENESIS OF ZHULAZHAGA GOLD DEPOSIT, INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA
YANG Yue-qing, JIANG Sihong, NIE Feng-jun, ZHANG Jian-hua, LIU Yan, LI Fu-xi, WANG Jian-min, JIA Lin-zhu
Zhulazhaga gold deposit, located in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is the first large-scale deposit found in the Middle-Upper Proterozoic strata along the western part of the north margin of North China Platform. The wall rocks of the ore bodies are a series of epimetamorphic rocks, which are mainly composed of metacalcareous sandstone, siltstone and slate with minor thin-bedded carbonate rocks. The authors discover the widespread acidic volcanic rocks within the strata. The occrrence of the main ore body is similar to that of the wall rocks. The intensive hydrothermal alteration in the deposit is closely related to the ore-forming process. Five ore types are identified, which are SEDEX type, altered volcanic rock type, altered sandstone type, metasomatic rock type and quartz vein type. Most gold minerals appear as native gold and electrum. Based on the detailed research, it is supposed that the mineralizing process may experience two epoches. In the earlier epoch, the SEDEX type of mineralized beds was formed during the Middle Proterozoic volcanic activity. During the latter epoch, different types of ore and orebodies were formed in the gold-bearing thermal fluid, when the fluid was evolved from the granitic magma which intruded during the late Hercynian movement, and replaced the wall rocks intensively. The apperance of the quartz vein type of orebodies demostrates the end of the endogenetic ore forming.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 146-152 [Abstract] ( 50 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 324KB] ( 281 )
153 MINERALIZING PROCESS AND PROSPECTING GUIDE OF JINBA GOLD DEPOSIT, SOUTHEAST YUNNAN
GUO Jia-hui
The Upper Permian and Lower Triassic strata and basic magmatism have provided ore-forming material for Jinba gold deposit in southeast Yunnan Province. The metallogenic fluids are derived mainly from Indosinian postmagmatic basic hydrothermal solution and partly meteoric water. The multistage inherited movement of the basement faults on the upwelling margin in Guixi depression supplied dynamics for the circulation and migration of ore-forming solution.The ore-forming solution from the deep crust upwelled and transported along the basement faults and associated fractures. The permeation and diffusion metasomatism resulted in the precipitation of gold in favorable positions of fold and fault structures in an enironment of high-permeable and readily soluble rocks and organic material riched reduced media.The primary gold deposit was then uplifted to the surface, and weathered to oxydized ore.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 153-161,171 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 386KB] ( 174 )
162 THE OUTLINE OF METALLOGENIC EPOCH OF GOLD DEPOSITS
ZHAO Ai-lin, LI Jing-chun
The metallizing processes of gold takes place in almost every geologic eras. Among them the Precambrian and Cenozoic eras are the main metallogenic epoches in the world. In China, the Yanshanian is the most important period of metallizing process of gold, followed by the Variscan, Luliang-Jinningian, Wutainian and the Himalayan periods. The gold metallization is periodical and inheritable, that is,the endogenous and exogeneous metallizing processes occur alternately, and the metallogenic features partly repeat in next metallizing period.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 162-164 [Abstract] ( 26 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 142KB] ( 230 )
165 CHARACTERISTICS OF EPITHERMAL DEPOSITS AND THE PROSPECTING GUIDE IN CHINA
CHEN Gen-wen, XIA Bin, XIAO Zhen-yu, YU Heng-xiang, WANG He, ZHONG Zhi-hong, WANG Gou-qiang
The tectonic backgrounds of epithermal deposits are mainly island arc and arc-back extension belt. Most deposits of the type are formed in Cenozoic, with minority in Mesozoic and Palaeozoic. The structure of ore are of vein, stockwork and breccia. The ore bodies are charaterized by specific mineral assemblage, element belting and alteration zoning. The mineralization occurs in volcanic terrane that fractionate well. The mineralization depth is less than 1000 m. The mineralization temperature is in the range of 200~300℃. The hydrothermal brine is dominated by low-salinity atmosperic precipitation.Based on the analysis for the condition of epithermal deposit formation in China, the authors propose favorable areas of mineralization in China.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 165-171 [Abstract] ( 90 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 298KB] ( 679 )
172 PROSPECTING POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF UNCONFORMABLE VEIN SUPER-LARGE URANIUM DEPOSITS IN EAST LIAINING PROVINCE
ZHANG Zhen-qiang, QU Xian-liang
Unconformable vein super-large uranium deposit, a new type of uranium deposit found in Canada and Australia in 1960s, is characterized by occurrence near unconformity surface with high grade and huge reserves. There exist four unconformity surfaces in Precambrian in east Liaoning Province. The famous Lianshanguan uranium deposit is hosted near the unconformity surface between Archaeozoic and Proterozoic strata. It is then concluded that eastern Liaoning is a prospective area for searching unconformable vein super-large uranium deposits.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 172-175 [Abstract] ( 28 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 184KB] ( 169 )
176 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND POLLUTION PROTECTION OF GROUNDWATER IN LIAONING PROVINCE
JIANG Li-juan, ZHAO Lian-cai, DAI Ren-jin, ZHUANG Xiao-ling, JIN Su
The quality situation and pollution degree of groundwater directly represent its environment quality.The article assesses the groundwater environmental quality in Liaoning Province by analysesing the conents of related chemical composition which represents the dynamic characteristics of groundwater quality.The factors which affect groundwater environmental quality originate mainly from two aspects,i.e.,natural factors and artificial ones.The protection measures against groundwater quality pollution can be taken from three aspects,i.e.,natural environment,artificial environment and time factor.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 176-179 [Abstract] ( 20 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 181KB] ( 128 )
180 DISCUSSION ON SOME PROBLEMS ABOUT CIPW METHOD IN APPLICATION
LIU Bao-liang
CIPW is one of the most extensively used petrochemistry calculating methods. Its purpose is to provide a basis for rock naming by simulating mineral components and relative amounts. The author found that the calculating principles and methods in different textbooks are various, that is unconvenient in practical application. After discussing the calculating method of plagioclase serial number, CIPW calculating principle and albite distributing way, the author concluds that:1) as calculating the plagioclase serial number,the amount of albite should adopt two times of albite molecular number; 2)when MgO'+FeO″>SiO2'>0.5(MgO'+FeO″),we should use the following hypotheses:Hy+Ol=SiO2',and Hy+2Ol=MgO'+FeO″;and 3)Rittmann method is suggested to name rocks, as it is more reasonable and accurate.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 180-183,189 [Abstract] ( 24 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 219KB] ( 326 )
184 SOME EXAMPLES OF FULFILLING THE FUNCTION OF HIGH-PRECISION MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT
ZHANG Li-jun, GAO Fei
High-precision magnetic measurement has been broadly applicated in geological surveying.The magnetic data are advantageous in geologic mapping,geologic boundry delineating,ore-body outlining,as well as ancient tomb and buried gallery searching.When mapping in concealed areas,high-precision magnetic measurement can decide not only strongly magnetic rocks' boundary,but also weakly magnetic rocks' boundary.On the premise of increasing the information density,the weakly magnetic orebodies in typical metallogenic provinces can be outlined simply by the different magnetic susceptibilities and residual magnetization.Some examples are given,such as the delineating of the boundary between Dashiqiao and Gaixian formations of Liaohe group in Jinshangou gold field,and the delineating of the boundary between the granite and the felsic mylonite in Fuxin.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 184-189 [Abstract] ( 19 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 262KB] ( 201 )
190 STUDY ON THE METHOD TO STRENGTHEN ANCHORING FORCE OF ANCHORAGE BAR
DONG Ye
Though 76 pull-out type tests for anchorage bars in 15 projects in Dalian area,it is recognized that the anchoring force is affected by multiple factors.The major factors are the drilling techniques and quality of poured mortar. To strengthern the anchoring force of anchorage bar,the author suggests to use air drilling technique for weathered rocks or soil.And for medium and weakly weathered rocks,the drilling holes should also be washed with clean water.Expansive mortar is suggested to pour the anchorage bars.The stress of steel should be measured during the pull-out type tests for anchorage bars.
2001 Vol. 10 (3): 190-192 [Abstract] ( 18 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 150KB] ( 366 )
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