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2020 Vol.29 Issue.1,Published 2020-02-29
Contents
Contents
1 COMPILATION OF THE 1: 1 500 000 TECTONIC FACIES MAP OF NORTHEAST CHINA
LIU Ying-cai, FU Jun-yu, ZHAO Chun-jing, NA Fu-chao, SONG Wei-min
The 1:1 500 000 Tectonic Facies Map of Northeast China is a regional geotectonic map published in 2018. Based on accumulated abundant basic geological data, the map summarizes and integrates geotectonic theory study and comprehensive application, which is an important embodiment of scientific innovation achievements and technical progresses transformed to application in Northeast China. Guided by the theories of plate tectonics and continental dynamics, starting from the development and evolution of archipelagic ocean and arc-basin system, the map compilation applies the tectonic facies analysis method to study the crustal formation, evolution history, and geotectonic environment as well as its spatial-temporal relation with mineralization in Northeast China. It systematically expounds the macro-background of rock tectonic associations, formation structures and tectonic evolution stages in Northeast China.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 136 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2311KB] ( 411 )
7 APPLICATION OF MARKOV CHAIN ANALYSIS IN THE MICROFACIES RECOGNITION OF HUAGANG FORMATION IN THE EAST CHINA SEA SHELF BASION
HU Qiu-hong, ZHANG Chang-min, HOU Guo-wei, ZHU Rui, CHEN Zhe
With attentive observation and description for the cores from a depression of East China Sea shelf basin, 28 lithofacies types are identified from the cores of Huagang Formation in the study area, including 5 for conglomerate, 15 for sandstone and 8 for fine-grained rock. By the analysis for the cores from 22 wells, 2227 numbers of lithofacies and microfacies data are obtained. Three sedimentary systems, i.e. lakes, deltas and rivers, are developed in this area, dominated by lacustrine sediments. The Markov chain analysis is used to analyze the sequence patterns of lithofacies in different sedimentary microfacies and establish the possible lithofacies assemblages and quantitative lithofacies assemblage probability. The results will provide a geological database for further study of the same or similar types of sedimentary facies and a quantitative basis for the identification of sedimentary facies.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 7-20 [Abstract] ( 102 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 8088KB] ( 329 )
21 GENESIS OF THE TYPICAL GOLD DEPOSITS IN QINGCHENGZI OREFIELD, LIAODONG PENINSULA: Evidences from S-D-O Isotopes
ZHAO Yan, YANG Hong-zhi, YANG Feng-chao, ZHANG Peng, GU Yu-chao, XU Jia
The Qingchengzi orefield in eastern Liaoning Province is an important gold polymetallic orefield with complex mineralization. The Baiyun and Xiaotongjiapuzi gold deposits are chosen to study the S-D-O isotopes. The results show that the S isotope content in Xiaotongjiapuzi gold deposit is 1.87‰ - 16‰, without distinct tower distribution, while that in Baiyun gold deposit ranges from -10.3‰ to +1.9‰. The D-O isotope test results indicate that the δD content is from -108.3‰ to -74‰, and the δ18O content is 8‰ - 15.9‰ in the quartz of Baiyun gold deposit. The D-O isotopes of quartz in Xiaotongjiapuzi gold deposit is dispersely distributed. According to the comprehensive analysis, it is believed that Xiaotongjiapuzi gold deposit represents the early-stage mineralization, related to metamorphism, and Baiyun gold deposit represents the late-stage mineralization. The mineralization of stratiform Pb-Zn deposit and Xiaotongjiabaozi gold deposit in the orefield might occur in the same period.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 21-28 [Abstract] ( 99 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5333KB] ( 354 )
29 CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUID FROM THE SADAIGOUMEN PORPHYRY MOLYBDENUM DEPOSIT IN HEBEI PROVENCE: Indication to Metallogenic Processes
WANG Zhi-rui, LI Pan
The Sajigoumen porphyry molybdenum deposit is located in the eastern section of the northern margin of the North China Plate. The orebodies occur in the Indosinian monzogranite, dominated by veinlet, stockwork and disseminated molybdenite types of mineralization. Petrography study suggests that the fluid inclusions are well formed in the barren quartz veins before the mineralization stage and the Mo-bearing quartz veins during the ore-forming period, mainly in gas-liquid phase, with minor single-phase and three-phase. The results of microscopic temperature measurement for fluid inclusions show that the homogeneous temperatures in the pre-mineralization stage vary from 196.2 to 390.0℃, with salinity from 5.70% to 17.52% NaCl eq; while those in the mineralization period are from 161.5 to 340.3℃, with salinity of 2.06% - 13.29% NaCl eq. The results of laser Raman spectroscopy show that the composition of fluid inclusions is mainly H2O in the early stage of mineralization, with minor CO2 and CO32-. The fluid inclusions in the ore-forming period are two-phase of H2O and CO2, three-phase plus CO2, with SO2 and CH4 gas. The change of fluid characteristics from early to later ore-forming stages indicates a continuous decreasing of temperature and pressure, with transformation from oxidation to reduction environment. The ore-forming fluid has experienced boiling and fluid immiscibility. Accompanied by atmospheric precipitation, the magma-controlled hydrothermal porphyry molybdenum deposit is formed under a typical continental collision system.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 29-37 [Abstract] ( 87 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6641KB] ( 327 )
38 GEOCHEMISTRY OF SELENIUM IN SOIL-CROP SYSTEM OF NEHE CITY, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE
ZHANG Zhe-huan, ZHAO Jun, DAI Hui-min, HE Peng-fei, WEI Ming-hui
According to the 1:250 000 scale land quality geochemical survey data of black soil in Northeast China, 1627 groups of surface soil (0-20 cm) samples and 415 groups of deep soil (150-200 cm) samples are collected from Nehe City of Heilongjiang Province to study the Se total content, available content in different types of soil, Se content in crop seeds and distribution characteristics in soil profiles. The results are shown as follows:1) The average Se content in topsoil is 0.239×10-6, which is lower than that of China and world, and higher than that of Heilongjiang Province and Northeast China Plain. It is characterized by Se sufficiency, and the Se-sufficient land area reaches 84.21%. 2) The Se contents vary in different types of soil. The Se contents in black soil, chernozem and meadow soil are higher than those in dark brown soil, bog soil and alluvial soil. 3) In terms of land use types, the Se contents in traffic land, construction land and cultivated land are higher than those in forest, grassland and water conservancy land, reflecting its close relation with human activity intensity. 4) The Se content in soil profiles decreases with the increase of depth, and that in topsoil is the highest. 5) The average Se content in main crop seeds of corn, soybean and rice is 0.035×10-6, characterized by low Se. The agricultural technology can be applied to develop Se-rich products and improve grain quality.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 38-43 [Abstract] ( 124 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1843KB] ( 383 )
44 GEOPHYSICAL RESPONSE OF THE STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION OF YIXIAN FORMATION IN XIUSHUI BASIN, NORTHERN LIAONING PROVINCE
DING Qiu-hong, LI Xiao-hai, LI Wen-bo, CHEN Shu-wang, ZHANG Jian, SUN Shou-liang
By multiple technical means of surface geological survey, drill core logging, geophysical well logging and 2D seismic survey, with combination of lithostratigraphy, logging curve, 2D seismic and drilling data calibration, the Yixian Formation represented by LFD1 well and X-D1 well is divided into four lithologic members:the first member (K1y1) of basic volcanic rocks, the second member (K1y2) of volcanic rocks with sedimentary-pyroclastic rocks, the third member of(K1y3) of sedimentary rocks, and the fourth member (K1y4) of acid volcanic rocks. The four members and interfaces have distinguished characteristics in outcrop, drill core, logging curve and seismic data. Both the comprehensive interpretation inference of gravity-magnetic-electric joint inversion and seismic reflection characteristics after well seismic calibration show that the four lithologic members of Yixian Formation, Lower Cretaceous, have certain spatial distribution characteristics and regularities.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 44-52,6 [Abstract] ( 70 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 7003KB] ( 273 )
53 GEOLOGICAL MEANING AND APPLICATION OF GRAVITY-MAGNETIC RESIDUAL ANOMALY COMBINATION IN GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
SHI Jian-min, SHI SHao-shan, WU Xin-wei, GAO Tie, YANG Hong-zhi, ZHANG Li, SONG Wan-bing, CHEN Ting-yu
Based on the physical meaning and geological implication of gravity and magnetic anomalies, the geological factors to form the gravity and magnetic anomalies are discussed. The correspondence between the rocks and the residual gravity and magnetic anomalies and their combination are analyzed. The results reveal the characteristics of geological process that is reflected by the combination of residual gravity and magnetic anomalies. With the recognition of the characteristics of formation and reformation of abnormal geological bodies, 8 permutations of 4 combinations of gravity and magnetic anomalies and their geological implications are summarized.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 53-60 [Abstract] ( 90 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3903KB] ( 272 )
61 JOINT PROSPECTING OF GROUND MAGNETIC SURVEY DATA INVERSION AND BOREHOLE MAGNETIC SURVEY: A Case Study of Galinge Fe-polymetallic deposit
WANG Zhong-lian, WANG Yong-guo, WANG Zhi-mao, LU Xue-bin
The Quaternary overburden in Galinge iron polymetallic orefield in Qinghai Province is nearly 200 m. The deposit is dominated by iron ore, associated with polymetallic ores such as copper, cobalt, lead and zinc. Magnetic prospecting is the most direct and effective method. Based on the analysis of ground magnetic survey data, the magnetic bodies are found in deep part with the 2.5-D inversion modeling. The processing and analysis of the borehole three-component magnetic survey data provide a basis for borehole layout and a guide for drilling construction. Good geological results have been achieved in deep prospecting.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 61-67 [Abstract] ( 75 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5150KB] ( 213 )
68 RESEARCH OF SOIL NUTRIENT CONTENT INVERSION MODEL BASED ON HYPERSPECTRAL DATA
TAO Pei-feng, WANG Jian-hua, LI Zhi-zhong, ZHOU Ping, YANG Jia-jia, GAO Fan-qi
In order to quickly test the soil nutrient contents (SOM, TN, TP and TS), the authors collect 117 soil samples at 0-20 cm depth from Chuangye Farm in Jiansanjiang reclamation area as research objects. First derivative (FD), logarithmic reciprocal (RL), first derivative of reciprocal (FDR), multivariate scattering correction (MSC) and continuum removal (CR) transformations are performed on the raw spectral reflectance (R). By analyzing the correlation between the six spectral variables and soil nutrient content, the bands that are significantly correlated at the α=0.01 level are adopted as characteristic bands, and the methods of stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and back propagation neural network (BPNN) are used respectively to establish hyperspectral prediction model of SOM, TN, TP and TS. The model is evaluated by R2, RMSE and RPD. The results show that the soil nutrient content prediction models established by PLSR and BPNN are superior to that by SMLR. The PLSR and BPNN methods can well predict the organic matter and total nitrogen content, and roughly estimate the total sulfur content. Only the CR-BPNN method can roughly estimate the total phosphorus content. The models with the best prediction effect on SOM, TN, TP and TS are, respectively, MSC-PLSR, MSC-PLSR, CR-BPNN and FDR-BPNN, with the validation set determination coefficients of 0.86, 0.75, 0.56 and 0.67 respectively.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 68-75,84 [Abstract] ( 209 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3338KB] ( 480 )
76 ROCK CAPACITANCE: ONE OF THE DIELECTRIC CAPACITANCE
SHANG Mu-yuan
Rock is a kind of dielectric. Since the rock is found to be capacitive, it should be discussed about the capacitive characters of dielectric. The electrical model of dielectric is established based on the rock capacitance obtained by primary voltage and secondary voltage during charging and discharging. According to the new model with capacitor and resistor as the dielectric, verification is carried out using the time domain and frequency domain experimental data of chalcopyrite, pyrite, glass, mica, amber and polyethylene capsules by interdisciplinary predecessors. It is further verified by comparison with the classical theory of permittivity. The results show that the electrical parameters of the new model are perfectly consistent with those of chalcopyrite, pyrite, glass, mica, amber and polyethylene capsules. The new model is suitable for all kinds of relaxation time, direct current and alternating current environments, and can also fully express the relations between various permittivity and electrical loss. The main conclusions are as follows:Dielectric is a leaky internal resistance-containing capacitor; It can be regarded as a number of parallel circuits containing internal resistance capacitor and leakage resistor; The impedance and equivalent capacitance of dielectric depend on the capacitance, internal resistance, dielectric resistance and frequency; Rock capacitance is one of the dielectric capacitance.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 76-84 [Abstract] ( 66 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1989KB] ( 321 )
85 COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION ON THE GEO-ENVIRONMENT OF COASTAL ZONES IN LIAONING PROVINCE
FANG Jing-tao
The paper comprehensively analyses on the geoenvironment survey results of the coastal zones in Liaoning Province over the past 20 years, and systematically sorts out the geological resources and environmental conditions and their changes, as well as the adverse environmental geological problems caused by natural and human activities in the coastal zones. The geoenvironment conditions of 6 coastal cities are evaluated in terms of geological factors such as crustal stability, active fault, ground subsidence and collapse, and suggestions are put forward for the protection, exploitation and utilization of geological resources in combination with national policies and local development plans.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 85-90,100 [Abstract] ( 92 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2479KB] ( 332 )
91 GEOTHERMAL GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TEN HOT SPRINGS IN HENAN PROVINCE
HUANG Guang-shou, GUO Li-li, HUANG Kai
The geothermal geological characteristics of ten major hot springs occurring in the uplift mountainous areas in Henan Province are studied in detail to search more geothermal resources in the region. The geothermal resources of uplift mountain type are controlled by fault structure. The groundwater is heated by deep circulation and exposed to the surface as hot springs along deep and large faults. On the basis of hydrochemical types, the hot spring water can be classified into bicarbonate type, sulfate type, sulfate-chloride type, sulfuric bicarbonate type and bicarbonic sulfate type.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 91-100 [Abstract] ( 109 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4509KB] ( 341 )
101 STUDY ON THE ADSORBABILITY OF OIL SHALE ON COBALT IONS
SONG Li-hua, AN Shuai, WANG Hai-po
Oil shale contains a large amount of clay minerals and thus has a certain adsorption capacity for metal ions. The influence factors and adsorption kinetics of oil shale adsorption on cobalt ions(Co2+) are studied by static adsorption method. The results show that the oil shale granularity, solution concentration, pH value and absorption time all have certain effect on the adsorption capability. The adsorption amount of Co2+ by oil shale increases with the decrease of sample grain size. With the increase of initial concentration of cobalt ions, the total amount of adsorbed Co2+ also increases. With the solution pH ranging from 3 to 8, the adsorption amount and rate of Co2+ increase with the increase of pH value. According to the adsorption kinetics, the adsorption process of Co2+ conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic process and intraparticle diffusion mechanism.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 101-105 [Abstract] ( 83 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1400KB] ( 280 )
106 THE APLLICATION OF DIGITAL IMAGE TECHNIQUES IN GEOTECHNICAL RESEARCHES: A Review
LI Kai, HE Zhi-peng, XIE Jian-wen
The digitalization and information technology has added new research methods for geotechnical engineering in all aspects. The digital image technique is broadly applied in the researches of macroscopic deformation and invisible scales as well. The application in macroscopic deformation involves small scale experimental testing and large scale geo-hazard monitoring. For invisible scales, the applications are in the areas of microstructure, high-speed dynamics and acoustic imaging. The digital image technique plays a significant role in stress detection, especially in geotechnical engineering combined with photoelastic experiment.
2020 Vol. 29 (1): 106-112 [Abstract] ( 135 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1085KB] ( 388 )
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