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2013 Vol.22 Issue.2,
Published 2013-04-30
81
SEDIMENTARY CHARACTERISTICS AND URANIUM MINERALIZATION OF THE YAOJIA FORMATION IN NORTHERN SONGLIAO BASIN
MA Wen-juan
On the basis of geologic conditions, this article analyses the uranium metallogenic conditions of the Yaojia Formation in the northern part of Songliao Basin. The investigation shows that extensively developed rivers and deltas in Yaojia Formation form passways and reserve space for uranium metallogenic fluids. The three mountains with uraniumrich granite, which surround the Songliao Basin in south, north and east, serve as uranium source. The areas near the structural denudation windows, which were formed by the compressive stress from Yanshanian orogeny and Himalayan orogeny, are favorable for the enrichment of uranium. The basin, characterized by infiltration type of artesian basin, has a good hydrogeological condition. During the sedimentation of Yaojia Formation, the paleo-environment was mainly presented in arid, semi-arid or warm climate, which is helpful for the pre-enrichment or syndepositional mineralization of uranium in the strata.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 81-85 [
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86
DISINTEGRATION OF THE XIFENG INTRUSIVE BODY IN LIAONING PROVINCE: Geological Implication
WANG Zhong-jiang, ZHAI Fu-rong, WANG Qi, XIE Shao-qiang, HE Zhen-qing, ZHONG Mi-shan, YU En-bo, LI Zhuo, CHEN Yao, GUO Hong-fang
The Xifeng intrusive body occupies an important position in the geology of Liaoning, for not only its huge exposed area, but also the rich mineral resources associated with it. The intrusive body was once regarded as one of the biggest rock bodies in Liaoning Province, where it covered an area over 1200 km
2
and extended to Jilin Province. The related minerals involve iron, copper, lead-zinc-silver-gold-molybdenum polymetal and fluorite. On the basis of petrology, petrogeochemistry, isotopic chronology and the contact relations between rock masses and between rock mass and strata, the Xifeng intrusive body in Liaoning is disintegrated by the tectono-magmatic evolution stages. Four intrusion stages with total 11 intrusion orders are divided, including three Early Permian, one Early Triassic, three Middle Jurassic and four Late Cretaceous orders of intrusion. With this division, the lithological metallogenic specificity, the genetic types and oreforming stages of deposits are studied to guide the prospecting work for Xifeng area in the future.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 86-93 [
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94
FLUID INCLUSION, ZIRCON U-Pb AGE AND GENESIS OF THE KAIFENGGOU GOLD DEPOSIT IN LIAONING PROVINCE
ZHANG Li-shi, SUN Feng-yue, ZHANG Ya-jing, LI Liang, WANG Yu-li
The quartz vein type of Kaifenggou gold deposit in Liaoning Province is situated in the Qingyuan granitegreenstone terrain of North China Craton. The NEE-trending Hunhe fault and its secondary faults in the area are the main ore-controlling structures. The fluid inclusions in quartz crystals can be classified into gas-liquid two-phase, CO
2
-bearing three-phase and pure CO
2
types. The bubbles (gas-phase) are dominated by CO
2
. The salinities range from 0.35% to 19.55%(NaCl), with an average of 6.55%. The homogenization temperatures range from 110℃ to 390℃, averagely 247℃, suggesting a mesothermal deposit. The ore-forming pressures of the deposit range from 26 to 91 MPa, with an average of 61 MPa, corresponding to depths of 2.7 to 8.2 km, averagely 5.7 km. In the early mineralization stage, the fluid inclusions are characterized by low salinity, high-temperature and rich CO
2
. In the major mineralizing stage, the CO
2
-rich fluid inclusions and gas-liquid two-phase inclusions coexist. Because of the immiscibility or boiling characterized by CO
2
escaping, the salinity increases in the residual fluid. Fluid inclusions in the later mineralization stage are of gas-liquid two-phase. The stable isotope analyzing results show that the metallogenic fluid is originated from the magmatic hydrotherm after the differentiation of mantle-derived C-H-O fluid. The granite porphyry closely related to mineralization has a zircon U-Pb age of 200.1±1.5 Ma, with seven zircon concordia age of 200.2±0.84 Ma, showing that the deposit was formed in early Yanshanian period. Comprehensive studies suggest that the Kaifenggou gold deposit belongs to orogenic type.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 94-100,141 [
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101
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING ANALYSIS OF THE CIYUTAI MANGANESE DEPOSIT IN LIAONING PROVINCE
LI Dong-feng
The Ciyutai manganese deposit of sedimentary metamorphic type dominated by manganese oxide, hosted in the first member of Tieling Formation, Jixian System, Mesoproterozoic, is the only manganese ore producer in Northern Liaoning Province. The ore hosting layer, which is mainly controlled by the Guguantun-Datun syncline, is stably and broadly distributed in the area. Recent research shows that the hinge zone of syncline, deep part of known ore bodies and the bottom of Mesozoic overburden in the south wing as well have a great prospecting potential, suggesting a breakthrough in the exploration for concealed and semi-concealed ore bodies in the area.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 101-104 [
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105
GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING INDICATORS OF THE DONGSHANCHA GOLD-MOLYBDENUM DEPOSIT IN LIAONING PROVINCE
PENG Ming-sheng
The Dongshancha gold-molybdenum deposit is located in the Wangxiaopu-Xianjinchang-Jingjiagou gold metallogenic belt, where quite a few small-sized gold deposits and occurrences have been found. The orebodies occur mainly in greisen altered charnockitic gneiss and greisen, obviously controlled by faults. The prospecting indicators involve primary outcrop of orebody, wallrock alteration, mineral geochemistry and geophysical features. Based on comparative analysis on the ore bodies, ore composition, structure and wallrock alteration of known deposits in the area, it is believed that the ore-forming matters are derived mainly from ore-bearing intrusive rocks and strata. Genetically, the deposit belongs to meso-epithermal type closely related to acid-intermediate intrusive rocks.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 105-107 [
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108
CHARACTERISTICS AND TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LATE DEVONIAN INTRUSIVE ROCKS IN JIRIGALANGTU, INNER MONGOLIA
BAI Li-bing, DENG Jin-fu, TAO Ji-xiong
The Late Devonian intrusive rocks in Jirigalangtu, Inner Mongolia are distributed on the northern side of the Erlian-Hegenshan connect zone, with rock association of quartz diorite, tonalite and granodiorite. Lithochemically, the rocks are assigned to calk-alkaline series, with contents of SiO
2
for 64.23%-74.47%, Al
2
O
3
for 13.59%-16.26%, TiO
2
for 0.19%-0.76% and Na
2
O+K
2
O for 6.28%-8.15%, with A/CNK ratio of 1.06-1.21, belonging to peraluminous granites. The An-Ab-Or diagram shows the T
2
G
1
G
2
QM assemblage, which belongs to TTG type. The trace elements display the characteristics of volcanic arc granite. The rare earth elements are characterized by high fractionation and deficient HREE. The characteristics of the intrusive rocks reflect typical TTG resulted from the subduction of oceanic plate towards continental plate. The single zircon U-Pb isotopic age of the granodiorite is 361.1±1.0 Ma (Late Devonian). Therefore, the matching time of Sino-Korean plate and North China plate should not be earlier than Late Devonian.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 108-113 [
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114
U-Pb ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE LEUCOGRANULITE IN MENGKU IRON DEPOSIT, FUYUN COUNTY, XINJIANG
WANG Yu-li, SUN Feng-yue, LI Bi-le, ZHANG Han, WANG Guan
The Mengku iron deposit in Fuyun County, Xinjiang is located in the Maizi volcanic-sedimentary basin along the southern margin of Altai metallogenic belt. Its main ore bodies are genetically of volcanism-related hydrothermal spout sedimentation type. The ore bodies occur mainly in Kangbutiebao Formation with leucogranulite, granulitite and amphibolite. The protolith recovery displays marine volcanic rocks of mainly spilite-keratophyre and quartz keratophyre, with minus rhyolite-tuff. The sedimentary rocks involve calcareous tuffaceous sandstone intercalated with crystalline limestone. By zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of the leucogranulite in Mengku iron deposit, the age of Kangbutiebao Formation and the deposit is defined. The contents of Th range from 29.5×10
-6
-82.7×10
-6
to 32.1×10
-6
-109.3×10
-6
; while of U, from 35.7×10
-6
-132.1×10
-6
to 47.6×10
-6
-140.6×10
-6
, with Th/U ratio between 0.41-1.19 and 0.51-0.85, showing typical features of magmatic zircons. The zircon ages of the leucogranulite in Mengku deposit are 397.5±2.5 Ma and 389.0±4.7 Ma. Combined with regional geochronological data, it is concluded that the Kangbutiebao Formation was formed in the Early Devonian, with a ceiling age of 389±4.7 Ma. The main ore bodies of the deposit are dated at 397.5±2.5 Ma.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 114-119,137 [
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120
PERMIAN AND TRIASSIC SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY FRAMEWORK OF THE DINAN UPLIFT IN JUNGGAR BASIN
LIU Zhi-feng, YIN Bin-hao, LIU Zhi-peng
Based on the characters of seismic reflections and the analysis of geologic setting in the Dinan uplift in Junggar basin, three boundaries of sequence are recognized, i.e. the bottom of Permian, the top of Triassic and the boundary between Permian and Triassic. These boundaries are unexceptionally regional surfaces of abrupt change of lithology and well logging. Enlightened by this recognition, the boundary between Karamay and Baijiantan formations is analyzed. The result shows that this regional lithologic face also behaves as stratum absent face and strong seismic phase axis. Therefore it is a sequence boundary. Totally three sequences with seven system tracts are divided for the Permian and Triassic strata in the Dinan uplift.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 120-124,147 [
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125
CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUID INCLUSIONS IN THE LOWER PALEOZOIC MAJIAGOU RESERVOIR IN YANCHANG EXPLORING AREA
QIANG Juan, CAO Hong-xia, WU Hai-yan, ZHAO Qian-ping
Study of fluid inclusions is applied in the division of oil and gas migration filling period and the identification of reservoir forming time. With observation of microscopic characteristics, classification of types and description of features, the brine inclusions that associate with hydrocarbon are tested for homogenization temperature. Combining with other geological data, it is concluded that the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions from the reservoir of Majiagou formation in Yanchang exploring area concentrates in the range of 85℃ to 115℃, with depth of 2500 m to 2800 m. In consideration of the burial history of the basin, the gas reservoir should be formed in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic era.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 125-128 [
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129
GEOLOGY AND GENESIS OF THE XIAOHUANGDONG GOLD DEPOSIT IN SOUTHERN SHAANXI PROVINCE
LI Lin
The Qinling-Bashan Mountainous region is an important gold producing area in China, represented by the Yangpingwan-Liufang gold metallogenic belt in the northwest of Ankang, where the Xiaohuangdong gold deposit is located. The Xiaohuangdon gold deposit is hosted in the carbonaceous mica quartz schist with thin bedded carbonaceous quartzite of the first member of Silurian Daguiping formation, showing a lithological restriction. The orebodies, presented in layers, lens and veins, are controlled strictly by the ductile shear zone, dominantly occurring in the secondary ductile fractures which connect to the major shear zone. Native gold, as coarse and huge grains, is the main occurrence of the mineral. Three stages of silicification can be recognized in the field. The gold mineralization is closely related to the first stage of alteration. The deposit genetically belongs to ductile shear zone controlled metamorphic hydrothermal type.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 129-132 [
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133
GEOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OUTANGWAN GOLD DEPOSIT IN JIAYU COUNTY, HUBEI PROVINCE
LI Xiang, WEI Si-Hua, BAO Chu-cai, FAN Zhong-lin, HU Shang-jun
The Outangwan gold deposit, belonging to weathered-type, is a typical laterite gold deposit in Southern Hubei Province. The Quaternary Pleistocene red gravel loam is the main ore-containing horizon. The occurrence of ore body is gentle, with stable thickness. The gold in ore is in free state. The ore-controlling factors include favorable basement rock, structure and hydrothermal activity, as well as the favorable climate and geomorphology for the formation of red clay. The prospecting indicators are proposed on the basis of geological background and characteristics of orebodies.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 133-137 [
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138
APPLICATION OF ACCESS DATABASE IN GEOLOGICAL DATA COMPILATION
ZHANG Yu-hua
The GPS receiver is used in geological mapping to obtain the coordinate data of geological observation spots. Various application softwares for GPS receiver, such as GISOffice and MapSource, are adopted to transfer and save these source data to computer. With MS Office softwares, like Access and Excel, the data then is processed and applied, or saved and shared for other geological data compilation.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 138-141 [
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142
STUDY ON THE SEDIMENTARY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE YONGDING RIVER
DENG Hao-yun, WU Sheng-he
There are obvious differences of deposition between the upstream and downstream of the Yongding River, which is the largest tributary of the Haihe River system in North China. With analysis of sediment samples from the upstream and downstream, this paper discusses the sedimentary structure types at different sections of the river. Based on the analysis of particle size, bedding and vertical sequence, the difference in sedimentary characteristics from the upstream to the downstream are studied. According to the formation mechanism of braided river and channel distribution pattern of the Yongding River in the same historical period, the formation and evolution of different river sections is discussed.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 142-147 [
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148
COMPARISON OF REE VARIATIONS WITH GRAIN SIZES IN SEDIMENTS BETWEEN THE YANGTZE RIVER AND THE YELLOW RIVER
GONG Chuan-dong, DAI Hui-min, YANG Zuo-sheng
According to the Stoke's Law, the grain sizes of sediments from the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are classified into four and six grades, separately. The REE contents in the sediments of various sizes are tested with ICP-MS. The results show differences between the two rivers. For the same grain size, the content of REE in the samples form Yangtze River is higher than that from Yellow River. The contents of REE form the Yangtze River reduce with the increasing of grain sizes of sediments. However, with the increasing of grain sizes, the REE contents in samples from the Yellow River present an unsymmetrical high-low-high distribution pattern. The North America Shale-normalized patterns show that the fractionation patterns are similar for different grain-sized sediments, and also for the two rivers. The differences of REE contents between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are closely related to the weathering and mineral compositions in the sediments of the two river basins. The reducing trend of REE contents with grain size increasing for the Yangtze River is resulted from the dilution of quartz and feldspar contents which increase with the grain size. The REE distribution pattern of sediments from Yellow River is the result of the absorption of clay minerals in fine-grained sediment and the enrichment of heavy minerals in coarse-grained sediment.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 148-154 [
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155
RESEARCH ON THE RATIO OF ELEMENT CONTENTS IN UPPER AND DEEP SOIL LAYERS
MA Zhi-shu, LIU Xi-yao
The characteristics and reasons of element enrichment in upper soil layer and its impact on the environment can be understood by research on the ratios of element contents in upper and deep soil layers. This paper compares the contents of some elements in upper and deep soil layers to analyze the ratios and distribution characteristics, with an investigation of the regional enrichment of Cd. The result shows that the soil-forming rocks, element chemical properties, pH values and human activities play an important role in the enrichment of elements in soil. It is suggested that the study on the content changes of elements in the soil should be based on a combination of factors such as geology, geochemistry and human activities.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 155-158 [
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159
METALLOGENIC CONDITIONS FOR THE URANIUM DEPOSITS IN LIULIN AREA, XINYANG, HENAN PROVINCE
YIN Jian-wu, FAN Wen-huan
The Liulin area, located in the junction of the North China platform and Yangtze platform in the west part of Lingshan intrusion, belongs to the Tongbai-Dabie fold belt of Qinling fold system. This area, with frequent magmatic activities and developed faults, is a high radioactive field region with favorable geological conditions for the mineralization of uranium and polymetallic deposits. The major controlling factors of hydrothermal uranium deposits are studied to analyze the metallogenic characteristics. A typical metallogenic model for the uranium deposit in the studied area is set up. It can be used to guide further exploration for the same type of uranium deposits in the area.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 159-163 [
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164
FORMING MECHANISM AND EVOLUTION OF THE SONGLIN DOME IN NORTHERN GUIZHOU PROVINCE
YANG Guang-long
In order to study its forming mechanism and evolution of structural features, the stress field of Songlin dome in Northern Guizhou Province is analyzed with stage division and matching for the surveyed joints in each position of the dome. The result shows that the Songlin dome was formed from an early uplift on ancient basement. The historical tectonic movements caused to the complicated procedures of continuous uplifting→subsidence→uplifting. During Yanshanian movement, this area experienced two stages of stresses. The first was compression from southeast to northwest. The second was compressive stress between northwestward and southeastward. These stresses not only essentially strengthen and complicate the Songlin dome, but also impact and control the formation and development of regional structures.
2013 Vol. 22 (2): 164-168 [
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