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	2021 Vol.30 Issue.5,Published 2021-10-30

	521	DISCOVERY OF THE NEOPROTEROZOIC YINTUN FORMATION IN XIAJIAGOU AREA OF FUXIN, WESTERN LIAONING: Geological Implication
		LU Chong-hai, LIU Zhen-wei, CAO Yu-hao, LI Biao, XU Song, GUAN Shu-ye, CHEN Li-jia, LU Si-qiao
		During the investigation of Mesoproterozoic Changchengian and Jixianian lithostratigraphic units occurred in Xiajiagou area of western Liaoning Province, the moraine conglomerate terrane of Yintun Formation of Lower North Nanhuan System, Neoproterozoic, is found above the Chuanlinggou Formation of Mesoproterozoic Changchengian System. The two show an angular unconformity contact relation. The discovery fills a gap in the Neoproterozoic continental lithostratigraphic unit deposition and adds new content to the discussion of Neoproterozoic crustal evolution history in western Liaoning, which has great geological implication.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 521-525,554 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 638KB] ( 243 )

	526	STUDY ON THE QUATERNARY GLACIAL RELICS IN QINHUANGDAO AREA, HEBEI PROVINCE
		LIU Shu-yan, YOU Zun-yan, LIU Lian-zhong, CUI Gui-yun, SHAO Xian-jie
		As the discovered glacial relics are mostly scattered and isolated, with multi-interpretation, which cannot fully support the existence of glaciers, the topic whether the Quaternary glaciers exist in the low and middle mountains of eastern China has been controversial for nearly a century. Through the long-term detailed investigation in Qinhuangdao section of Yanshan Mountains, a large number of relics related to glaciers have been found, the main types including glacial boulder, moraine, stone sea, moulin, cirque, glacial trough, glacial striation, sheepback rock, pyramidal peak and U-shaped valley. These relics are all interrelated and form strong evidence group and chain, which provide reliable data for the study of Quaternary glaciation in eastern China.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 526-532,569 [Abstract] ( 116 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 870KB] ( 241 )

	533	THE LATE CAMBRIAN MAGMATIC TECTONIC THERMAL EVENTS IN LUXI AREA, WESTERN YUNNAN: A New Understanding
		SONG Dong-hu, LIU Bing, LU Yong-yan, LIU Xiao-wei, BAO Jia-feng, WANG Yan, LIU Jun-ping, SUN Bai-dong, TIAN Su-mei
		A large number of Early Paleozoic intrusive rocks represented by Pinghe pluton are developed on the western margin of Baoshan block-an important part of Gondwana. However, due to the lack of field survey data, its geological significance has long been disputed. Based on the 1:50 000 regional geological survey, the detailed field contact relationship has confirmed the existence of two stages of intrusive rocks in Pinghe pluton, and sedimentation, chronology and petrogeochemistry have endowed it with new geological implication. The early intrusive rocks in Luxi area are mainly monzogranites, with the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of 488.3±3.9 Ma. The major and trace element analysis results show that the rock belongs to high-temperature biotite-rich cordierite-bearing peraluminous granite of high-K calc-alkali series, with REE characteristics of medium negative Eu anomaly, classified as the Nanling type of granite. Combined with sedimentation and regional geological tectonic background, it is considered that the intrusive rock is the product of upper crust partial melting after the collision of Baoshan block and Tengchong block in the Late Cambrian.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 533-543 [Abstract] ( 82 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 740KB] ( 205 )

	544	GEOCHEMISTRY AND SEDIMENT PROVENANCE OF SANDSTONE FROM YAOJIA FORMATION IN CENTRAL DEPRESSION, SOUTHERN SONGLIAO BASIN
		ZHANG Sen, LIU Chao, HU Hui-ting, LI Jun-hui, SHI Lei, BUHE Bateer
		The sediment provenance is of indicative significance to study the distribution of uranium sand body and migration channel of uranium fluid. Taking the Yaojia Formation in Central Depression of southern Songliao Basin as object, based on the systematic geochemical testing of sandstone samples and collected data of neighboring Qianjiadian uranium deposit, the paper discusses the geochemistry, formation environment and sediment provenance of sandstone of Yaojia Formation and compares with those in Qianjiadian area. The results show that the sandstone detrital of Yaojia Formation is relatively rich in Si and Al, with the main rock types of lithic sandstone and arkose. The REE content is 160.12×10^-6-253.74×10^-6, characterized by enriched LREEs (La, Ce, Pr, etc.), flat HREEs (Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) and moderate negative Eu anomaly. The analysis of major, trace and rare earth elements reveal that the sandstone was formed in arid-semiarid climate, without high degree of chemical alteration, and the tectonic setting of provenance is active continental margin. Combined with the regional tectonic background, it is considered that the provenance component of the study area is similar to that of Qianjiadian area, but the source directions are different. The parent material for sandstone detrital of Yaojia Formation in the study area is derived from the northeast or southwest provenance, with the main source rocks of granodiorite and granite.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 544-554 [Abstract] ( 111 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 779KB] ( 308 )

	555	GEOLOGY AND GENESIS OF NANZHUANG LEND-ZINC DEPOSIT IN NANZHAO COUNTY, HENAN PROVINCE
		LI Jun-feng, LYU Bin, HU Wei, YANG He-jie
		The orebodies in Nanzhuang lead-zinc deposit, mostly concealed, are occurred in the quartz-keratophyre tuff of Huoshenmiao Formation, Erlangping Group, Lower Paleozoic. Through comprehensive analysis on the geological features of deposit, characteristics of trace and rare earth elements in ores, and isotopic geochemistry, it is found that the deposit is characterized by hydrothermal deposition and mixing of seawater sulfur and mantle-derived sulfur, with the ore-forming materials mainly derived from the upper mantle, mixed with the characteristics of orogenic belt and upper crust. It is basically determined that the deposit belongs to submarine volcanic exhalation massive sulfide type reformed by weak metamorphism, and the strata-lithology-alteration-geophysical prospecting indicators are established based on the above.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 555-560,622 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 843KB] ( 261 )

	561	CALCITE Sm-Nd ISOCHRON AGE OF THE ERGADIJI LEAD-ZINC DEPOSIT IN WESTERN SICHUAN PROVINCE: Geological Implication
		ZHANG Jin-ping, HUANG Cong-jun
		The Ergadiji medium-sized lead-zinc deposit is located on the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou provinces, southwestern margin of Yangtze block. The orebody is mainly occurred in stratoid and lenticular forms in the dolomite of Sinian Dengying Formation, with the carbonaceous sand shale of Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation as the roof. The main metallic minerals are sphalerite and galena with the Zn grade of 5.30% and Pb grade of 3.25% averagely. The nonmetallic minerals are mainly calcite and quartz. The ores are in idiomorphic crystal, metasomatism-erosion and solid solution separation textures and veinlet-disseminated, massive and brecciated structures. The Pb-Zn mineralization of the deposit is closely related to silicification, bituminization and calcilization. Through the study on the Sm-Nd isotope system of 8 calcite samples associated with Pb-Zn ores in the metallogenic period, the results show ¹⁴⁷Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd is 0.058489-0.663246, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd 0.511852-0.512626, and the Sm-Nd isochron age of 203±6 Ma (MSWD=1.2), also representing the ore-forming age of the deposit. The Ergadiji Pb-Zn deposit is of typical Mississippi Valley type (MVT), with its mineralization closely related to the orogeny after the closure of Paleo-Tethys Ocean, rather than the magma activity of Mount Emei basalt.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 561-569 [Abstract] ( 85 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 829KB] ( 250 )

	570	GEOCHEMICAL STUDY ON SELENIUM IN ROCK-SOIL-PLANT IN NORTHERN LIAONING PROVINCE
		DING Qiu-hong, TANG Tao, WANG Ling-guang, CHEN Shu-wang, XING De-he
		Through the geochemical study of Se in rocks, soils and plants in northern Liaoning Province, the paper analyzes the release-migration-absorption of Se in rock-soil-plant. The results indicate that the average Se content in rocks is 0.08×10^-6. For different rock types, the Se contents generally show the rule of volcanic rock > carbonate rock > granite/sedimentary rock > metamorphic rock. Vertically, the Se content shows the variation of soil layer A > soil layer B > pedogenic mother rock. The average Se content in topsoil is 0.24×10^-6, with the general pattern of brown soil (A&B layers) > paddy soil (A&B layers) > meadow soil (A&B layers) > aeolian sandy soil (A&B layers); The average Se content in plants is 0.07×10^-6, with the soil Se enrichment capacity of plants in the order of weeds > hazelnut > paddy rice > corn. There are significant positive correlations between soil and rice, soil and hazelnut, but no obvious correlations between soil and weeds, soil and corn.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 570-576,636 [Abstract] ( 82 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 902KB] ( 213 )

	577	NITROGEN LOSS DEGREE AND DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF BLACK SOIL AREA IN SOUTH-CENTRAL SONGNEN PLAIN
		YANG He-ping
		The analysis of nitrogen content data in the black soil area of south-central Songnen Plain in 1980s and at present shows that the soil nitrogen loss rate is up to 5.02% over the past 40 years, generally with the grades 1 and 2 land area of rich-relatively rich soil nitrogen content greatly reducing and the grades 3, 4, and 5 land area of moderate-deficient nitrogen content gradually increasing. The statistics of variation characteristics of soil nitrogen content by land use types indicate the proportions of paddy field and upland field strongly affected by human activities with high nitrogen content have decreased by 20.9 and 6.1 percentage points respectively, while the areas of marsh wetland, grassland and forest less affected by human activities rich in soil nitrogen content have increased. The spatial analysis on variation of soil nitrogen content in different administrative regions reflects the soil nitrogen loss in 6 cities and counties has reached severe degree, which should be the key areas of black soil nitrogen loss control as suggested. The soil nitrogen loss in other 8 cities and counties/districts is moderate, regarded as the key areas for both prevention and control of soil nitrogen loss.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 577-582 [Abstract] ( 82 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 774KB] ( 161 )

	583	QUALITY EVALUATION OF WUDALIANCHI VOLCANO MUD BASED ON FACTOR ANALYSIS AND MINIMUM DATA SET
		ZENG Ying, WU Jing, WANG Xi-ying, FANG Zhen-xing
		Volcano mud is a rare kind of mineral resources formed in harsh conditions over hundreds of years, yet there is no method to judge and evaluate its quality currently. The factor analysis method and minimum data set theory are used to construct the quality evaluation method of volcanic mud, and to comprehensively evaluate the quality of volcanic mud in Wudalianchi Scenic Spot. The results show that the minimum data set for volcanic mud quality evaluation includes V, Al, water content and clay particle, and the Wudalianchi volcano mud can be divided into four quality grades, among which grade I has the largest reserves, accounting for half of the total reserves approximately. The quality of volcano mud around the modern volcano is the best, and the quality around the western volcanoes is better than that around the eastern.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 583-589,601 [Abstract] ( 73 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1243KB] ( 184 )

	590	GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF FLOOD SUBMERGENCE IN JINPU NEW DISTRICT, DALIAN CITY
		ZHANG Jing, NI Jin, MA Shi-min, LU Lan
		The study adopts the digital elevation model (DEM) with 25 m resolution, and collects multiyear flood and tide level data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of source data. Combined with the geomorphic features and water system distribution in the study area, on the basis of ArcGIS spatial analysis technology, the seed spread algorithm is used for calculation of source flood submerge area, which obtains the submerged area and distribution of water depth. The results show that the submerged area is mainly distributed in reservoir, as well as alluvial-diluvial plain and marine plain in lower reaches of river, covering a total area of 318.08 km2 and accounting for 18.6% of land area of the whole district. The flood submerged depth is 0-7.6 m, and the submerged area with reservoir as the seed point is large, with the submergence depth gradually increasing from seed point to coastline, while the submerged area with river as the seed point is in zonal distribution, with the submergence depth decreasing gradually from middle line to both sides of river.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 590-594 [Abstract] ( 151 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 722KB] ( 295 )

	595	FORMING CONDITIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MUZUOGOU DEBRIS FLOW IN TAIHANG MOUNTAIN AREA, HEBEI PROVINCE
		FU Shao-jie, ZHANG Zhi-fei, LI Chen-xi, ZHANG Hui-jun, HU Xian-zhen, ZHANG Xiao-kai
		Through the field survey of Muzuogou debris flow in Taihang Mountain area, the paper summarizes its formation conditions and development characteristics. On this basis, the empirical formula method is used to calculate the parameters of movement characteristics of Muzuogou debris flow, including the flow velocity, peak flow and overall impact force of debris flow at typical sections of the four main branch gullies, to further analyze the development trend and calculate the maximum dangerous range of debris flow. There are topographic, hydrometeorological and provenance conditions conducive to the formation of debris flow in Muzuogou. The susceptibility of debris flow is high, with the mature development stage, gradually transiting to decline stage. From the above, it is inferred that Muzuogou has the condition for another debris flow, which still seriously threaten the local residents. It is suggested that check dams be set up in debris flow formation area and drainage channels built in circulation area.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 595-601 [Abstract] ( 72 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 938KB] ( 247 )

	602	CHARACTERISTICS AND REGIONALIZATION OF THE GEOLOGICAL RELIC RESOURCES IN SHUNPING COUNTY, HEBEI PROVINCE
		YANG Jin-song, ZHAO Hua, SONG Lei, JI Yun-ping, ZHANG Peng, FAN Jin-wei
		Shunping County of Hebei Province is geographically a typical transition between Taihang mountainous area and North China plain, with rich and diverse geological relic resources, which is representative of the northern Taihang Mountains. According to the detailed survey in the county, the geological relics can be classified into 3 categories, including 10 groups and 16 subgroups, with a total of 33 geological relic sites. This paper analyzes the distribution features of each geological relic and related regionalization, and delineates 3 distribution areas and 5 concentration areas of geological relics. Combined with regional characteristics, relic numbers, other tourism resources and protection-development prospects, the paper provides basic data for protection and development of geological relic resources in the county. The survey result can effectively support and serve the poverty alleviation achievement and promote the local tourism development and planning. Besides, it can also provide some reference and example for detailed survey and study of large scale geological relics in counties and cities.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 602-608,616 [Abstract] ( 133 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1076KB] ( 258 )

	609	DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF GERMANIUM-RICH SOIL IN TYPICAL AGRICULTURAL AREA OF CHONGQING MUNICIPALITY
		YU Fei, ZHANG Yong-wen, WANG Yu, LUO Kai, CHEN Da-bing, XIE Jian
		By collecting 8 496 topsoil samples from Nanchuan district, a typical agricultural area in Chongqing Municipality, the study tests the contents of germanium (Ge) and other elements in soil and discusses their characteristics and influencing factors. The results show that the soil Ge content is 0.13×10^-6-13.59×10^-6, averagely 1.54×10^-6, higher than the average Ge content in the "one-hour economic circle" and purple soil in Chongqing. The Ge-rich (>1.4×10^-6) soil area is up to 1 559.8 km², mainly distributed in the south of the study area. The high-Ge soil in Nanchuan district is mainly distributed in the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation and Changxing Formation, as well as the Lower Triassic Daye and Jialingjiang formations. The soil Ge content is mainly controlled by parent materials, which is positively correlated with soil organic matter and associated with 8 heavy metals. The high-value area in the middle is greatly affected by concentrated coal mines and human activities.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 609-616 [Abstract] ( 82 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1019KB] ( 231 )

	617	EXTERNALITY THEORY-BASED ANALYSIS ON CAUSES AND COUNTERMEASURES OF WETLAND DEGRADATION
		XIAO Hong-ye, FANG Na-na, DAI Hui-min, HAN Xiao-meng
		Based on the externality principle of ecological economics, combined with the properties of quasi-public goods, external economy, external diseconomy and intergenerational externality of wetland ecosystem, the paper analyzes the causes of wetland degradation. The results show that the worsening of wetland shrinkage and declining ecological service function are mainly due to lack of correct understanding of wetland function and benefit, and cost spillover caused by unreasonable profit distribution mechanism as well. The positive externalities engaged in wetland conservation have not been compensated, while the negative externalities have not paid due costs. Therefore, it is suggested that diversified eco-compensation mechanisms be established according to local conditions.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 617-622 [Abstract] ( 89 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 721KB] ( 282 )

	623	ANALYSIS OF AROMATICS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES IN OIL-GAS GEOCHEMICAL SAMPLES BY ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
		WANG Na
		The ultraviolet spectrophotometry is used to analyze aromatics and their derivatives. Taking benzene, naphthalene and phenanthrene as representative substances, n-hexane as solvent, the photon absorbing intensity of the substances is measured at 5 characteristic wavelengths. The results show the detection limit of 12.9×10^-9-20.5×10^-9, accuracy of standard-addition in blank 98.9%-101.4% and precision 3.73%-4.51%, and the standard recovery analysis of practical samples basically meets the requirements. The analysis testing method is optimized, with low pollution to environment, low toxicity to human body and high safety, which both reduces cost and improves efficiency. The method is simple and feasible, with high accuracy and precision, and can meet the requirements for analysis and testing of geological industry, suitable for mass analysis testing of aromatics in oil-gas geochemical samples.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 623-627 [Abstract] ( 63 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 849KB] ( 223 )

	628	APPLICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING IN DEEP BRINE POTASSIUM DEPOSIT EXPLORATION IN SALT LAKE OF QAIDAM BASIN
		HE Sheng, SU Shi-jie, HOU Li-peng
		Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province is a well-known potash fertilizer production base as well as major producer of salt minerals in China. The previous exploration mainly focused on the Quaternary shallow salt minerals, while the work on the Quaternary deep part and Paleogene-Neogene brine potash deposit was not enough, and the situation of resources is still unknown. Due to the high salinity of shallow brine in salt lake area, the resistivity method will have a serious low resistance shielding effect, thus affecting its detection depth and causing great limitations for application of geophysical methods. To find out the deep brine potassium mineral resources in the area, the transient electromagnetic method (TEM) with high sensitivity to low resistance, strong signal intensity and high vertical-lateral resolution, combined with the magnetotelluric sounding (MT) with large exploration depth, is used to explore the deep brine potassium deposit. The exploration results identify the relatively low resistivity anomaly area, and the detection results are reliable through later drilling verification, indicating that the geophysical methods of TEM and MT are effective in exploration of deep brine potassium deposit in salt lake areas, which reveals good prospects of the two methods in exploration of deep potassium resources in salt lake areas.
		2021 Vol. 30 (5): 628-636 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1060KB] ( 234 )

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